銆�銆�鏈緛鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂�鎸囩殑鏄畬鍏ㄤ笉鍚洔璩�(zh矛)鍜岀己闄�锛屽儏渚濊炒鏈緛杓夋祦瀛愬皫(d菐o)闆荤殑鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旀潗鏂�銆傚闅涘崐灏�(d菐o)楂斾笉鑳藉湴绱斿噲锛屾湰寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂斾竴鑸槸鎸囧皫(d菐o)闆讳富瑕佺敱鏉愭枡鐨勬湰寰佹縺鐧�(f膩)姹哄畾鐨勭磾鍑堝崐灏�(d菐o)楂斻�傜敤寰楁渶澶氱殑鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旀槸閸哄拰纭�, 閮芥槸鍥涘児鍏冪礌,灏囬嵑鎴栫鏉愭枡鎻愮磾鍚庡舰鎴愮殑瀹屽叏绱斿噲,鍏锋湁鏅堕珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿氨鏄湰寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂�.
銆�銆�甯哥敤鐨勫崐灏�(d菐o)楂旀潗鏂欐槸鍠櫠纭�(Si)鍜屽柈鏅堕嵑(Ge) .鎵�璎傚柈鏅�,鏄寚鏁村鏅堕珨涓殑鍘熷瓙鎸変竴瀹氳(gu墨)鍓囨暣 榻婂湴鎺掑垪钁楃殑鏅堕珨.闈炲父绱斿噲鐨勫柈鏅跺崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂ū鐐烘湰寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂�. 鍒堕�犲崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿櫒浠剁殑鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旀潗鏂欑殑绱斿害瑕侀仈(d谩)鍒� 99.9999999%,甯哥ū鐐�"涔濆�� 9".瀹冨湪鐗╃悊绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓婂憟 鍠櫠楂斿舰鎱�(t脿i).
銆�銆�(1)鏈緛鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旂殑鍏卞児閸电祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
銆�銆�纭呭拰閸烘槸鍥涘児鍏冪礌,鍦ㄥ師瀛愭渶澶栧堡杌岄亾涓婄殑鍥涘�嬮浕瀛愮ū鐐哄児闆诲瓙.瀹冨�戝垎鍒ヨ垏鍛ㄥ湇鐨勫洓鍊嬪師瀛愮殑鍍� 闆诲瓙褰㈡垚鍏卞児閸�.鍏卞児閸典腑鐨勫児闆诲瓙鐐洪�欎簺鍘熷瓙鎵�鍏辨湁,骞剁偤瀹冨�戞墍鏉熺笡,鍦ㄧ┖闁撳舰鎴愭帓鍒楁湁搴忕殑鏅堕珨. 閫氬父鎶婂師瀛愭牳鍜屽収(n猫i)灞ら浕瀛愮湅浣滀竴鍊嬫暣楂�,绋辩偤鎱ｆ�ф牳.鎱ｆ�ф牳甯舵湁 4 鍊嬪柈浣嶆闆昏嵎,鏈�澶栧堡鏈� 4 鍊嬪児闆� 瀛愬付鏈� 4 鍊嬪柈浣嶈矤(f霉)闆昏嵎,鍥犳,鏁村�嬪師瀛愮偤闆讳腑鎬�.閫欑ó绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勭珛楂斿拰骞抽潰绀烘剰鍦栬鍦� 1.
銆�銆�(2) 闆诲瓙绌虹┐灏�
銆�銆�涓�鑸締瑾�,鍏卞児閸典腑鐨勫児闆诲瓙涓嶅畬鍏ㄨ薄绲曠罚楂斾腑鍍归浕瀛愭墍鍙楁潫绺涢偅妯ｅ挤(qi谩ng),濡傛灉鑳藉緸澶栫晫鐛插緱涓�瀹氱殑 鑳介噺(濡傚厜鐓�,鍗囨韩,闆荤鍫存縺鐧�(f膩)绛�) ,涓�浜涘児闆诲瓙灏卞彲鑳芥帣鑴叡鍍归嵉鐨勬潫绺涜�屾垚鐐鸿嚜鐢遍浕瀛�.閫欎竴鐝�(xi脿n)璞� 绋辩偤鏈緛婵�鐧�(f膩)(涔熺ū鐔辨縺鐧�(f膩)) .
銆�銆�鐞嗚珫鍜屽椹楄〃鏄�:鍦ㄥ父婧�(T=300K)涓�,纭呭叡鍍归嵉涓殑鍍归浕瀛愬彧瑕佺嵅寰楀ぇ浜庨浕闆㈣兘EG(=1.1eV) 鐨勮兘閲忎究鍙縺鐧�(f膩)鎴愮偤鑷敱闆诲瓙.鏈緛閸虹殑闆婚洟鑳芥洿灏�,鍙湁 0.72eV.
銆�銆�鐣�(d膩ng)鍏卞児閸典腑鐨勪竴鍊嬪児闆诲瓙鍙楁縺鐧�(f膩)鎺欒劔鍘熷瓙鏍哥殑鏉熺笡鎴愮偤鑷敱闆诲瓙鐨勫悓鏅�,鍦ㄥ叡鍍归嵉涓究鐣欎笅浜嗕竴鍊� 绌轰綅瀛�,绋辩偤"绌虹┐".鐣�(d膩ng)绌虹┐鍑虹従(xi脿n)鏅�,鐩搁劙鍘熷瓙鐨勫児闆诲瓙姣旇純瀹规槗闆㈤枊瀹冩墍鍦ㄧ殑鍏卞児閸佃�屽～瑁�(b菙)鍒伴�欏�嬬┖绌� 涓締浣胯┎鍍归浕瀛愬師渚嗘墍鍦ㄥ叡鍍归嵉涓嚭鐝�(xi脿n)涓�鍊嬫柊鐨勭┖绌�,閫欏�嬬┖绌村張鍙兘琚浉閯板師瀛愮殑鍍归浕瀛愬～瑁�(b菙),鍐嶅嚭 鐝�(xi脿n)鏂扮殑绌虹┐.鍍归浕瀛愬～瑁�(b菙)绌虹┐鐨勯�欑ó閬嬪嫊鐒¤珫鍦ㄥ舰寮忎笂閭勬槸鏁堟灉涓婇兘鐩哥暥(d膩ng)浜庡付姝ｉ浕鑽风殑绌虹┐鍦ㄩ亱鍕�,涓� 閬嬪嫊鏂瑰悜鑸囧児闆诲瓙閬嬪嫊鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽.鐐轰簡鍗�(q奴)鍒ヤ簬鑷敱闆诲瓙鐨勯亱鍕�,鎶婇�欑ó閬嬪嫊绋辩偤绌虹┐閬嬪嫊,骞舵妸绌虹┐鐪� 鎴愭槸涓�绋付姝ｉ粸鑽风殑杓夋祦瀛�.
銆�銆�鐣�(d膩ng)鑷敱闆诲瓙鍦ㄩ亱鍕曢亷绋嬩腑閬囧埌绌虹┐鏅傚彲鑳芥渻濉厖閫�(j矛n)鍘诲緸鑰屾仮寰�(f霉)涓�鍊嬪叡鍍归嵉,鑸囨鍚屾檪娑堝け涓�鍊�"闆诲瓙 涓�绌虹┐"灏�,閫欎竴鐩稿弽閬庣▼绋辩偤"寰�(f霉)鍚�",濡傚湒 2 鎵�绀�.鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭韩搴︽浠朵笅,鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑"闆诲瓙涓�绌虹┐灏�"鍜屽京(f霉)鍚� 鐨�"闆诲瓙涓�绌虹┐灏�"鏁�(sh霉)閲忕浉绛夋檪,褰㈡垚鐩稿皪骞宠 ,閫欑ó鐩稿皪骞宠 灞簬鍕曟厠(t脿i)骞宠 ,閬�(d谩)鍒板嫊鎱�(t脿i)骞宠 鏅�"闆诲瓙涓�绌� 绌村皪"缍寔涓�瀹氱殑鏁�(sh霉)鐩�.
銆�銆�鍙,鍦ㄥ崐灏�(d菐o)楂斾腑瀛樺湪钁楄嚜鐢遍浕瀛愬拰绌虹┐鍏╃ó杓夋祦瀛�,鑰岄噾灞皫(d菐o)楂斾腑鍙湁鑷敱闆诲瓙涓�绋級娴佸瓙,閫� 涔熸槸鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旇垏灏�(d菐o)楂斿皫(d菐o)闆绘柟寮忕殑涓嶅悓涔嬭檿.
銆�銆�(3) 绌虹┐鐨勭Щ鍕�
銆�銆�鑷敱闆诲瓙鐨勫畾鍚戦亱鍕曞舰鎴愪簡闆诲瓙闆绘祦,绌虹┐鐨勫畾鍚戦亱鍕曚篃鍙舰鎴愮┖绌撮浕娴�,瀹冨�戠殑鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽.鍙笉 閬庣┖绌寸殑閬嬪嫊鏄潬鐩搁劙鍏卞児閸典腑鐨勫児闆诲瓙渚濇鍏呭～绌虹┐渚嗗鐝�(xi脿n)鐨�.
銆�銆�鍦ㄩ浂搴︽韩搴︿笅锛屽崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂殑鍍瑰付鏄豢甯讹紙瑕嬭兘甯剁悊璜栵級锛屽彈鍒板厜闆绘敞鍏ユ垨鐔辨縺鐧�(f膩)鍚�锛屽児甯朵腑鐨勯儴鍒嗛浕瀛愭渻瓒婇亷绂佸付閫�(j矛n)鍏ヨ兘閲忚純楂樼殑绌哄付锛岀┖甯朵腑瀛樺湪闆诲瓙鍚庢垚鐐哄皫(d菐o)甯�锛屽児甯朵腑缂哄皯涓�鍊嬮浕瀛愬悗褰㈡垚涓�鍊嬪付姝ｉ浕鐨勭┖浣�锛岀ū鐐虹┖绌�锛屽皫(d菐o)甯朵腑鐨勯浕瀛愬拰鍍瑰付涓殑绌虹┐鍚堢ū鐐洪浕瀛愶紞绌虹┐灏�銆備笂杩扮敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑闆诲瓙鍜岀┖绌村潎鑳借嚜鐢辩Щ鍕�锛屾垚鐐鸿嚜鐢辫級娴佸瓙锛屽畠鍊戝湪澶栭浕鍫翠綔鐢ㄤ笅鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷畾鍚戦亱鍕曡�屽舰鎴愬畯瑙�闆绘祦锛屽垎鍒ョū鐐洪浕瀛愬皫(d菐o)闆诲拰绌虹┐灏�(d菐o)闆�銆傞�欑ó鐢变簬闆诲瓙锛嶇┖绌村皪鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐢熻�屽舰鎴愮殑娣峰悎鍨嬪皫(d菐o)闆荤ū鐐烘湰寰佸皫(d菐o)闆汇�傚皫(d菐o)甯朵腑鐨勯浕瀛愭渻钀藉叆绌虹┐锛屼娇闆诲瓙锛嶇┖绌村皪娑堝け锛岀ū鐐哄京(f霉)鍚�銆傚京(f霉)鍚堟檪鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑳介噺浠ラ浕纾佽蓟灏勬垨鏅舵牸鐔辨尟鍕曠殑褰㈠紡閲嬫斁銆傚湪涓�瀹氭韩搴︿笅锛岄浕瀛愶紞绌虹┐灏嶇殑鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷拰寰�(f霉)鍚堝悓鏅傚瓨鍦ㄥ苟閬�(d谩)鍒板嫊鎱�(t脿i)骞宠 锛屾鏅傛湰寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑杓夋祦瀛愭績搴�锛屽緸鑰屽叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑闆诲皫(d菐o)鐜囥�傚姞鐔辨垨鍏夌収鏈冧娇鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旂櫦(f膩)鐢熺啽婵�鐧�(f膩)鎴栧厜婵�鐧�(f膩)锛屽緸鑰岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熸洿澶氱殑闆诲瓙锛嶇┖绌村皪锛岄�欐檪杓夋祦瀛愭績搴﹀鍔�锛岄浕灏�(d菐o)鐜囧鍔�銆傚崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂啽鏁忛浕闃诲拰鍏夋晱闆婚樆绛夊崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿櫒浠跺氨鏄牴鎿�(j霉)姝ゅ師鐞嗗埗鎴愮殑銆傚父婧笅鏈緛鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旂殑闆诲皫(d菐o)鐜囪純灏�锛岃級娴佸瓙婵冨害灏嶆韩搴﹁畩鍖栨晱鎰�锛屾墍浠ュ緢闆ｅ皪鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旂壒鎬ч��(j矛n)琛屾帶鍒讹紝鍥犳瀵﹂殯鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ笉澶�銆�
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