PLD鐨勫垎椤炵箒澶�,鍚勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)寤犲�跺懡鍚嶄笉涓�,涓�鑸�鍙�鎸変互涓嬪咕绋�鏂规硶閫�(j矛n)琛屽垎椤�.
    鎸夐泦鎴愬害渚嗗崁(q奴)鍒�
    1銆佺啊(ji菐n)鍠甈LD,閭忚集闁�鏁�(sh霉)500闁�浠ヤ笅,鍖呮嫭PROM,PLA,PAL,GAL绛夊櫒浠�.
    2銆佸京(f霉)闆淧LD,鑺�鐗囬泦鎴愬害楂�,閭忚集闁�鏁�(sh霉)500闁�浠ヤ笂,鎴栦互GAL22V10浣滃弮鐓�,闆嗘垚搴﹀ぇ浜嶨AL22V10,鍖呮嫭EPLD,CPLD,FPGA绛夊櫒浠�.
    寰炵法绋嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)渚嗗崁(q奴)鍒�
    1銆佷箻绌嶉爡(xi脿ng)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)PLD,鍖呮嫭PROM,PLA,PAL,GAL,EPLD,CPLD绛夊櫒浠�.
    2銆佹煡鎵捐〃绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)PLD,FPGA灞�姝ら�炲櫒浠�.
    寰炰簰閫ｇ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)渚嗗垎
    1銆佺⒑瀹氬瀷PLD.纰哄畾鍨婸LD鎻愪緵鐨勪簰閫ｇ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u),姣忔�＄敤鐩稿悓鐨勪簰閫ｇ窔甯冪窔,鍏舵檪(sh铆)闁撶壒鎬у彲浠ョ⒑瀹氶爯(y霉)鐭�(濡傜敱鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鎵嬪唺(c猫)鏌ュ嚭),鏄�鍥哄畾鐨�,濡侰PLD.
    2銆佺当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鍨婸LD.绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鍨嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏄�鎸囪��(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)绯荤当(t菕ng)鏅�(sh铆),鍏舵檪(sh铆)闁撶壒鎬ф槸涓嶅彲浠ラ爯(y霉)鐭ョ殑,姣忔�″��(zh铆)琛岀浉鍚岀殑鍔熻兘鏅�(sh铆),鍗绘湁涓嶅悓鐨勫竷绶氭ā寮�,鍥犺�岀劇娉曢爯(y霉)鐭ョ窔璺�鐨勫欢鏅�(sh铆),濡俋ilinx鍏�鍙哥殑FPGA鍣ㄤ欢.
    寰炵法绋嬪伐钘濅締鍗�(q奴)鍒�
    1銆佺啍绲插瀷PLD,濡傛棭鏈熺殑PROM鍣ㄤ欢.绶ㄧ▼閬庣▼灏辨槸鏍规摎(j霉)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勭啍绲插湒鏂囦欢渚嗙噿鏂峰皪(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭啍绲�,鐛插緱鎵�闇�鐨勯浕璺�.
    2銆佸弽鐔旂挡鍨婸LD,濡侽TP鍨婩PGA鍣ㄤ欢.鍏剁法绋嬮亷绋嬭垏鐔旂挡鍨婸LD鐩搁�炰��,浣嗙祼(ji茅)鏋滅浉鍙�,鍦ㄧ法绋嬭檿鎿婄┛婕忓堡浣垮叐榛�(di菐n)涔嬮枔灏�(d菐o)閫�,鑰屼笉鏄�鏂烽��.
    OTP鏄�涓�娆″彲绶ㄧ▼(OneTimeProgramming)鐨勮嫳鏂囩府瀵�,浠ヤ笂鍏╅�為兘鏄疧TP鍣ㄤ欢.
    3銆丒PROM鍨婸LD,EPROM鏄�鍙�鎿﹀彲绶ㄧ▼鍙�璁�瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�(ErasablePROM)鐨勮嫳鏂囩府瀵�,EPROM鍨婸LD閲囩敤绱�澶栫窔鎿﹂��,闆诲彲绶ㄧ▼,浣嗙法绋嬮浕澹撲竴鑸�杓冮��,绶ㄧ▼鍚�,涓嬫�＄法绋嬪墠瑕佺敤绱�澶栫窔鎿﹂櫎涓婃�＄法绋嬪��(n猫i)瀹�.
    鍦ㄥ埗閫燛PROM鍨婸LD鏅�(sh铆),濡傛灉涓嶇暀鐢ㄤ簬绱�澶栫窔鎿﹂櫎鐨勭煶鑻辩獥鍙�,涔熷氨鎴愪簡OTP鍣ㄤ欢.
    4銆丒EPROM鍨婸LD,EEPROM鏄�闆诲彲鎿﹀彲绶ㄧ▼鍙�璁�瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�(ElectricallyErasablePROM)鐨勮嫳鏂囩府瀵�,鑸嘐PROM鍨婸LD鐩告瘮,涓嶇敤绱�澶栫窔鎿﹂��,鍙�鐩存帴鐢ㄩ浕鎿﹂��,浣跨敤鏇存柟渚�,GAL鍣ㄤ欢鍜屽ぇ閮ㄥ垎EPLD,CPLD鍣ㄤ欢閮芥槸EEPROM鍨婸LD.
    5銆丼RAM鍨婸LD,SRAM鏄�闈滄��(t脿i)闅ㄦ��(j墨)瀛樺彇瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�(StaticRadomAccessMemory)鐨勮嫳鏂囩府瀵�,鍙�鏂逛究蹇�閫熺殑绶ㄧ▼(涔熷彨閰嶇疆),浣嗘帀闆诲悗,鍏跺収(n猫i)瀹瑰嵆涓熷け,鍐嶆�′笂闆婚渶瑕侀噸鏂伴厤缃�,鎴栧姞鎺夐浕淇濊��(h霉)瑁濈疆浠ラ槻鎺夐浕.澶ч儴鍒咶PGA鍣ㄤ欢閮芥槸SRAM鍨婸LD.

    绗�涓�闅庢��
    PLD瑾曠敓鍙婄啊(ji菐n)鍠甈LD鐧�(f膩)灞曢殠娈�
    浜屽崄涓栫磤(j矛)涓冨崄骞翠唬,鐔旂挡绶ㄧ▼鐨凱ROM(ProgrammableReadOnlyMemory)鍜孭LA(ProgrammableLogicArray)鐨勫嚭鐝�(xi脿n)锛屾��(bi膩o)蹇楄憲PLD鐨勮獣鐢�?锛熷垹骞婅涪澹垮瑘楠奉挒閽ょ肌姝夐稌?j霉)鏁�(sh霉)瀛楅浕瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)绲勬垚鍩烘湰鍠�鍏�-闁�闆昏矾鍙�绶ㄧ▼渚嗗��(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐨�,浠讳綍绲勫悎闆昏矾閮藉彲鐢ㄨ垏闁�鍜屾垨闁�绲勬垚,鏅�(sh铆)搴忛浕璺�鍙�鐢ㄧ祫鍚堥浕璺�鍔犱笂瀛樺��(ch菙)鍠�鍏冧締瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n).鏃╂湡PLD灏辨槸鐢ㄥ彲绶ㄧ▼鐨勮垏闄ｅ垪鍜�(鎴�)鍙�绶ㄧ▼鐨勬垨闄ｅ垪绲勬垚鐨�銆�
    PROM鏄�閲囩敤鍥哄畾鐨勮垏闄ｅ垪鍜屽彲绶ㄧ▼鐨勬垨闄ｅ垪绲勬垚鐨凱LD,鐢变簬杓稿叆璁婇噺鐨勫�炲姞鏈�(hu矛)寮曡捣瀛樺劜(ch菙)瀹归噺鐨勬�ュ妵涓婂崌锛屽彧鑳界敤浜庣啊(ji菐n)鍠�绲勫悎闆昏矾鐨勭法绋嬨�侾LA鏄�鐢卞彲绶ㄧ▼鐨勮垏闄ｅ垪鍜屽彲绶ㄧ▼鐨勬垨闄ｅ垪绲勬垚鐨�锛屽厠鏈嶄簡PROM闅ㄨ憲杓稿叆璁婇噺鐨勫�炲姞瑕�(gu墨)妯¤繀閫熷�炲姞鐨勫晱椤�锛屽埄鐢ㄧ巼楂�锛屼絾鐢变簬鑸囬櫍鍒楀拰鎴栭櫍鍒楅兘鍙�绶ㄧ��,杌熶欢绠楁硶寰�(f霉)闆�锛岀法绋嬪悗鍣ㄤ欢閬�(y霉n)琛岄�熷害鎱�锛屽彧鑳藉湪灏忚��(gu墨)妯￠倧杓�闆昏矾涓婃��(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ�傞�欏叐绋�鍣ㄤ欢鍦‥DA涓婂凡涓嶅啀閲囩敤锛屼絾PROM浣滅偤瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�锛孭LA浣滅偤鍏ㄥ畾鍒禔SIC瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鎶�琛�(sh霉)锛岄倓鍦ㄦ噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
    浜屽崄涓栫磤(j矛)涓冨崄骞翠唬鏈�锛孉MD鍏�鍙稿��(du矛)PLA閫�(j矛n)琛屼簡鏀归��(j矛n)锛屾帹鍑轰簡PAL(ProgrammableArrayLogic)鍣ㄤ欢锛孭AL鑸嘝LA鐩镐技锛屼篃鐢辫垏闄ｅ垪鍜屾垨闄ｅ垪绲勬垚锛屼絾鍦ㄧ法绋嬫帴榛�(di菐n)涓婅垏PAL涓嶅悓,鑰岃垏PROM鐩镐技锛屾垨闄ｅ垪鏄�鍥哄畾鐨�锛屽彧鏈夎垏闄ｅ垪鍙�绶ㄧ��?锛涜溈鍤垫硠娼�銊卌闄ｅ垪鍙�绶ㄧ▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岀啊(ji菐n)鍖栦簡绶ㄧ▼绠楁硶,閬�(y霉n)琛岄�熷害涔熸彁楂樹簡锛岄仼鐢ㄤ簬涓�灏忚��(gu墨)妯″彲绶ㄧ▼闆昏矾銆備絾PAL鐐洪仼鎳�(y墨ng)涓嶅悓鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ殑闇�瑕�锛岃几鍑篒/O绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涔熻�佽窡钁楄畩鍖�锛岃几鍑篒/O绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寰堝�氾紝鑰屼竴绋�杓稿嚭I/O绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏂瑰紡灏辨湁涓�绋甈AL鍣ㄤ欢锛岀郸鐢熺敘(ch菐n)锛屼娇鐢ㄥ付渚嗕笉渚裤�備笖PAL鍣ㄤ欢涓�鑸�閲囩敤鐔旂挡宸ヨ棟鐢熺��(ch菐n)锛屼竴娆″彲绶ㄧ▼锛屼慨鏀归浕璺�闇�瑕佹洿鎻涙暣鍊�(g猫)PAL鍣ㄤ欢锛屾垚鏈�澶�楂�銆侾AL宸茶�獹AL鎵�鍙栦唬銆�
    浠ヤ笂鍙�绶ㄧ▼鍣ㄤ欢锛岄兘鏄�涔樼�嶉��(xi脿ng)鍙�绶ㄧ▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岄兘鍙�瑙ｆ焙浜嗙祫鍚堥倧杓�闆昏矾鐨勫彲绶ㄧ▼鍟忛��锛屽皪(du矛)浜庢檪(sh铆)搴忛浕璺�锛岄渶瑕佸彟澶栧姞涓婇帠瀛樺櫒锛岃Ц鐧�(f膩)鍣ㄤ締妲�(g貌u)鎴�锛屽�侾AL鍔犱笂杓稿嚭瀵勫瓨鍣�锛屽氨鍙�瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鏅�(sh铆)搴忛浕璺�鍙�绶ㄧ▼銆�
    绗�浜岄殠娈�
    涔樼�嶉��(xi脿ng)鍙�绶ㄧ▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)PLD鐧�(f膩)灞曡垏鎴愮啛闅庢��
    浜屽崄涓栫磤(j矛)鍏�鍗佸勾浠ｅ��锛孡attice(钀婅开鎬�)鍏�鍙搁枊濮嬬爺绌朵竴绋�鏂扮殑涔樼�嶉爡(xi脿ng)鍙�绶ㄧ▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)PLD銆�1985骞存帹鍑轰簡涓�绋�鍦≒AL鍩虹��(ch菙)涓婃敼閫�(j矛n)鐨凣AL(GenericArrayLogic)鍣ㄤ欢銆侴AL鍣ㄤ欢棣栨�″湪PLD涓婇噰鐢‥EPROM宸ヨ棟锛岃兘澶犻浕鎿﹂櫎閲嶅京(f霉)绶ㄧ▼锛屼娇寰椾慨鏀归浕璺�涓嶉渶鏇存彌纭�浠讹紝鍙�浠ラ潏娲绘柟渚垮湴鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛屼箖鑷虫洿鏂�?li谩n)Q浠ｃ��
    鍦ㄧ法绋嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓�锛孏AL娌跨敤浜哖AL鎴栭櫍鍒楀浐瀹氳垏闄ｅ垪鍙�绶ㄧ▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岃�屽皪(du矛)PAL鐨勮几鍑篒/O绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閫�(j矛n)琛屼簡鏀归��(j矛n)锛屽�炲姞浜嗚几鍑洪倧杓�瀹忓柈鍏僌LMC(outputLogicMacroCell),OLMC瑷�(sh猫)鏈夊�氱ó绲勬��(t脿i)锛屼娇寰楁瘡鍊�(g猫)I/O寮曡叧鍙�閰嶇疆鎴愬皥鐢ㄧ祫鍚堣几鍑�,绲勫悎杓稿嚭闆欏悜鍙ｏ紝瀵勫瓨鍣ㄨ几鍑�,瀵勫瓨鍣ㄨ几鍑洪洐鍚戝彛锛屽皥鐢ㄨ几鍏ョ瓑澶氱ó鍔熻兘锛岀偤闆昏矾瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鎻愪緵浜嗘サ澶х殑闈堟椿鎬�銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屼篃瑙ｆ焙浜哖AL鍣ㄤ欢涓�绋�杓稿嚭I/O绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏂瑰紡灏辨湁涓�绋�鍣ㄤ欢鐨勫晱椤�锛屽叿鏈夐�氱敤鎬�銆傝�屼笖GAL鍣ㄤ欢鏄�鍦≒AL鍣ㄤ欢鍩虹��(ch菙)涓婅ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勶紝鑸囪ū澶歅AL鍣ㄤ欢鏄�鍏煎�圭殑锛屼竴绋瓽AL鍣ㄤ欢鍙�浠ユ浛鎻涘�氱óPAL鍣ㄤ欢锛屽洜姝�锛孏AL鍣ㄤ欢寰楀埌浜嗗唬娉涚殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�.GAL鍣ㄤ欢涓昏�佹��(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ湪涓�灏忚��(gu墨)?锛熷垹骞婂眽濞愮綒顑戭墯?锛孏AL鍣ㄤ欢涔熷姞涓婁簡ISP鍔熻兘锛岀ūispGAL鍣ㄤ欢銆�
    浜屽崄涓栫磤(j矛)鍏�鍗佸勾浠ｄ腑鏈�,ALTERA(闃跨壒鍠�)鍏�鍙告帹鍑轰簡EPLD(ErasablePLD)鍣ㄤ欢,EPLD鍣ㄤ欢姣擥AL鍣ㄤ欢鏈夋洿楂樼殑闆嗘垚搴�,閲囩敤EPROM宸ヨ棟鎴朎EPROM宸ヨ棟,鍙�鐢ㄧ传澶栫窔鎴栭浕鎿﹂��,閬╃敤浜庤純澶ц��(gu墨)妯＄殑鍙�绶ㄧ▼闆昏��,涔熺嵅寰椾簡寤ｆ硾鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�.
    绗�涓夐殠娈�
    寰�(f霉)闆滃彲绶ㄧ▼鍣ㄤ欢鐧�(f膩)灞曡垏鎴愮啛闅庢��
    浜屽崄涓栫磤(j矛)鍏�鍗佸勾浠ｄ腑鏈�,Xilinx(瑗挎灄鍏嬪徃)鍏�鍙告彁鍑轰簡鐝�(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)鍙�绶ㄧ��(FieldProgrammability)鐨勬�傚��,骞剁敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍑轰笘鐣屼笂绗�涓�鐗嘑(xi脿n)PGA鍣ㄤ欢,FPGA鏄�鐝�(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)鍙�绶ㄧ▼闁�闄ｅ垪(FieldProgrammableGateArray)鐨勮嫳鏂囩府瀵�,宸茬稉(j墨ng)鎴愪簡澶ц��(gu墨)?锛熷垹骞婅涪澹垮瑘楠奉挐骞告樊绠㈡兗楠奉懠鐩�鍋�Q.FPGA鍣ㄤ欢涓�鑸�閲囩敤SRAM宸ヨ棟,绶ㄧ▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐐哄彲绶ㄧ▼鐨勬煡鎵捐〃(Look-UpTable,LUT)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u).FPGA鍣ㄤ欢鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)鏄�闆昏矾瑕�(gu墨)妯″ぇ,閰嶇疆闈堟椿,浣哠RAM闇�鎺夐浕淇濊��(h霉),鎴栭枊姗�(j墨)鍚庨噸鏂伴厤缃�.
    浜屽崄涓栫磤(j矛)鍏�鍗佸勾浠ｆ��,Lattice鍏�鍙告彁鍑轰簡鍦ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)鍙�绶ㄧ��(In-SystemProgrammability,ISP)鐨勬�傚��,骞舵帹鍑轰簡涓�绯诲垪鍏锋湁ISP鍔熻兘鐨凜PLD鍣ㄤ欢,灏嘝LD鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟帹鍚戜簡涓�鍊�(g猫)鏂扮殑鐧�(f膩)灞曟檪(sh铆)鏈�.CPLD鍗冲京(f霉)闆滃彲绶ㄧ▼閭忚集鍣ㄤ欢(ComplexProgrammableLogicDevice)鐨勮嫳鏂囩府瀵�,Lattice鍏�鍙告帹鍑篊PLD鍣ㄤ欢闁嬪壍(chu脿ng)浜哖LD鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑鏂扮磤(j矛)鍏�,涔熷嵆寰�(f霉)闆滃彲绶ㄧ▼閭忚集鍣ㄤ欢鐨勫揩閫熸帹寤ｈ垏鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�.CPLD鍣ㄤ欢閲囩敤EEPROM宸ヨ棟,绶ㄧ▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦℅AL鍣ㄤ欢鍩虹��(ch菙)涓婇��(j矛n)琛屼簡鎿�(ku貌)灞曞拰鏀归��(j矛n),浣垮緱PLD鏇村姞闈堟椿,鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ洿鍔犲唬娉�.
    寰�(f霉)闆滃彲绶ㄧ▼閭忚集鍣ㄤ欢鏈塅PGA鍜孋PLD鍏╃ó涓昏�佺��(ji茅)妲�(g貌u),閫�(j矛n)鍏ヤ簩鍗佷笘绱�(j矛)涔濆崄骞翠唬鍚�,鍏╃ó绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閮藉緱鍒颁簡椋涢�熺櫦(f膩)灞�,灏ゅ叾鏄疐PGA鍣ㄤ欢宸茶秴閬嶤PLD,璧板叆鎴愮啛鏈�,鍥犲叾瑕�(gu墨)妯″ぇ,鎷撳睍浜哖LD鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄩ牁(l菒ng)鍩�.鍣ㄤ欢鐨勫彲绶ㄧ▼閭忚集闁�鏁�(sh霉)宸查仈(d谩)涓婂崈钀�闁�浠ヤ笂,鍙�浠ュ��(n猫i)宓岃ū澶氱ó寰�(f霉)闆滅殑鍔熻兘妯″��,濡侰PU鏍�,DSP鏍�,PLL(閹栫浉鐠�(hu谩n))绛�,鍙�浠ュ��(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鍠�鐗囧彲绶ㄧ▼绯荤��(t菕ng)(SystemonProgrammableChip,SoPC).
    鎷撳睍浜嗙殑鍦ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)鍙�绶ㄧ▼鎬�(ispXP),鏄疞attice鍏�鍙搁泦涓�浜咵2PROM鍜孲RAM宸ヨ棟鐨勬渶浣崇壒鎬ц�屾帹鍑虹殑涓�绋�鏂扮殑鍙�绶ㄧ▼鎶�琛�(sh霉).ispXP鍏兼敹骞惰搫浜咵2PROM鐨勯潪鏄撳け鍠�鍏冨拰SRAM鐨勫伐钘濇妧琛�(sh霉),寰炶�屽湪鍠�鍊�(g猫)鑺�鐗囦笂鍚屾��(sh铆)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)浜嗙灛鏅�(sh铆)涓婇浕鍜岀劇闄愬彲閲嶆��(g貌u)鎬�.ispXP鍣ㄤ欢涓婂垎甯冪殑E2PROM闄ｅ垪鍎�(ch菙)瀛樿憲鍣ㄤ欢鐨勭祫鎱�(t脿i)淇℃伅.鍦ㄥ櫒浠朵笂闆绘檪(sh铆),閫欎簺淇℃伅浠ュ苟琛岀殑鏂瑰紡琚�鍌抽仦鍒扮敤浜庢帶鍒跺櫒浠跺伐浣滅殑SRAM浣�.鏂扮殑ispXFPGATMFPGA绯诲垪鑸噄spXPLDTMCPLD绯诲垪鍧囬噰鐢ㄤ簡ispXP鎶�琛�(sh霉).
    闄や簡鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀彲绶ㄧ▼鍣ㄤ欢澶�,妯℃摤鍙�绶ㄧ▼鍣ㄤ欢涔熷彈鍒颁簡澶у�剁殑閲嶈��,Lattice鍏�鍙告彁渚涙湁ispPAC绯诲垪鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佷緵閬哥敤.