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銆�銆�1973骞达紝鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)瓒呭皫鍚堥噾鈥曗�曢埉閸哄悎閲�锛屽叾鑷ㄧ晫瓒呭皫婧害鐐�23.2K锛岄�欎竴瑷橀寗淇濇寔浜嗚繎13骞�銆�
銆�銆�1986骞�锛岃ō鍦ㄧ憺澹槆榛庝笘鐨勭編鍦婭BM鍏徃鐨勭爺绌朵腑蹇冨牨閬撲簡涓�绋哀鍖栫墿锛堥懎閶囬妳姘у寲鐗╋級鍏锋湁35K鐨勯珮婧秴灏庢��銆傛鍚庯紝绉戝瀹跺�戝咕涔庢瘡闅斿咕澶�锛屽氨鏈夋柊鐨勭爺绌舵垚鏋滃嚭鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
銆�銆�1986骞达紝缇庡湅璨濈埦瀵﹂瀹ょ爺绌剁殑瓒呭皫鏉愭枡锛屽叾鑷ㄧ晫瓒呭皫婧害閬斿埌40K锛屾恫姘殑鈥滄韩搴﹀澹樷�濓紙40K锛夎璺ㄨ秺銆�
銆�銆�1987骞达紝涓湅绉戝瀹惰稒蹇犺尝浠ュ強缇庡湅鑿绉戝瀹舵湵缍�(j墨ng)姝︾浉绻煎湪閲旓紞閶囷紞閵咃紞姘х郴鏉愭枡涓婃妸鑷ㄧ晫瓒呭皫婧害鎻愰珮鍒�90K浠ヤ笂锛屾恫姘殑鈥滄韩搴﹀澹樷�濓紙77K锛変篃琚獊鐮翠簡銆�1987骞村簳锛岄増锛嶉媷锛嶉垼锛嶉妳锛嶆哀绯绘潗鏂欏張鎶婅嚚鐣岃秴灏庢韩搴︾殑瑷橀寗鎻愰珮鍒�125K銆傚緸1986锛�1987骞寸殑鐭煭涓�骞村鐨勬檪闁撻噷锛岃嚚鐣岃秴灏庢韩搴︽彁楂樹簡杩�100K銆�
銆�銆�2001骞�锛屼簩纭煎寲閹傦紙MgB2锛夎鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍏惰秴灏庤嚚鐣屾韩搴﹂仈鍒�39K [1]銆傛鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屾墦鐮翠簡闈為妳姘у寲鐗╄秴灏庨珨锛坣on-cuprate superconductor锛夌殑鑷ㄧ晫婧害绱�閷勩��
銆�銆�1990鑷�2000骞翠唬锛屽叿ZrCuAsSi绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勭█鍦熼亷娓￠噾灞爱纾锋棌鍖栧悎鐗╋紙rare-earth transition-metal oxypnictide, ReTmPnO锛夐櫢绾�(x霉)琚櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)[2] [3]銆備絾骞舵湭鏈変汉鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍏朵腑鐨勮秴灏庣従(xi脿n)璞�銆�
銆�銆�2008骞�锛屾棩鏈殑Hideo Hosono鍦橀殜鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄩ惖鍩烘爱纾锋棌姘у寲鐗╋紙iron-based oxypnictide涓�锛屽皣閮ㄤ唤姘т互鎽婚洔鐨勬柟寮忕敤姘熶綔閮ㄤ唤鍙栦唬锛屽彲浣縇aFeAsO1-xFx鐨勮嚚鐣屾韩搴﹂仈鍒�26K[4]锛屽湪鍔犲寰岋紙4 GPa锛夌敋鑷冲彲閬斿埌43K[5]銆傚叾寰岋紝涓湅鐨勮仦?锛涱暛F闅婏紝鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄤ互閸跺彇浠ｇ█鍦熷厓绱犱箣寰�锛孡a1-xSrxFeAsO浜﹀彲閬斿埌鑷ㄧ晫婧害25K[6]銆傚叾寰岋紝涓湅鐨勭瀛稿闄充粰杓�銆佽稒蹇犺尝绛変汉锛岀櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)灏囬懎浠ュ叾浠栫█鍦熷厓绱犱綔鍙栦唬锛屽墖鍙緱鍒版洿楂樼殑鑷ㄧ晫婧害锛涘叾涓紝SmFeAs[O0.9F0.1]鍙仈55K[7] [8]銆傚彟澶�锛屽皣閻典互閳峰彇浠ｏ紙LaFe1-xCoxAsO锛夛紝绋�鍦熷厓绱犱互閲峰彇浠ｏ紙Gd1-xThxFeAsO锛�锛屾垨鏄埄鐢ㄦ哀缂洪櫡锛圠aFeAsO1-未锛夌瓑鏂瑰紡锛屼篃閮藉彲浠ュ紩鐧�(f膩)瓒呭皫[9] [10] [11]銆�
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銆�銆�瓒呭皫鏉愭枡鎸夊叾鍖栧鎴愬垎鍙垎鐐哄厓绱犳潗鏂�銆佸悎閲戞潗鏂�銆佸寲鍚堢墿鏉愭枡鍜岃秴灏庨櫠鐡枫�� 銆�銆�1.瓒呭皫鍏冪礌锛�鍦ㄥ父澹撲笅鏈�28绋厓绱犲叿瓒呭皫闆绘��锛屽叾涓埉锛圢b锛夌殑Tc锛岀偤9.26K銆傞浕宸ヤ腑瀵﹂殯鎳夌敤鐨勪富瑕佹槸閳拰閴涳紙Pb锛孴c=7.201K锛�锛屽凡鐢ㄤ簬鍒堕�犺秴灏庝氦娴侀浕鍔涢浕绾�銆侀珮Q鍊艰鎸厰绛�銆� 銆�銆�2.鍚堥噾鏉愭枡锛� 瓒呭皫鍏冪礌鍔犲叆鏌愪簺鍏朵粬鍏冪礌浣滃悎閲戞垚鍒�锛� 鍙互浣胯秴灏庢潗鏂欑殑鍏ㄩ儴鎬ц兘鎻愰珮銆傚鎳夌敤鐨勯埉閶悎閲戯紙Nb-75Zr锛�锛屽叾Tc鐐�10.8K锛孒c鐐�8.7鐗�銆傜辜鍚庣櫦(f膩)灞曚簡閳垿鍚堥噾锛岄洊鐒禩c绋嶄綆浜嗕簺锛屼絾Hc楂樺緱澶�锛屽湪绲﹀畾纾佸牬鑳芥壙杓夋洿澶ч浕娴�銆傚叾鎬ц兘鏄疦b-33Ti锛孴c=9.3K锛孒c锛�11.0鐗�锛汵b-60Ti锛孴c=9.3K锛孒c=12鐗癸紙4.2K锛�銆傜洰鍓嶉埉閳﹀悎閲戞槸鐢ㄤ簬7锝�8鐗圭鍫翠笅鐨勪富瑕佽秴灏庣楂旀潗鏂欍�傞埉閳﹀悎閲戝啀鍔犲叆閴殑涓夊厓鍚堥噾锛屾�ц兘閫蹭竴姝ユ彁楂�锛孨b-60Ti-4Ta鐨勬�ц兘鏄紝Tc锛�9.9K锛孒c=12.4鐗癸紙4.2K锛夛紱Nb-70Ti-5Ta鐨勬�ц兘鏄�锛孴c=9.8K锛孒c=12.8鐗�銆� 銆�銆�3.瓒呭皫鍖栧悎鐗╋細瓒呭皫鍏冪礌鑸囧叾浠栧厓绱犲寲鍚堝父鏈夊緢濂界殑瓒呭皫鎬ц兘銆傚宸插ぇ閲忎娇鐢ㄧ殑Nb3Sn锛屽叾Tc=18.1K锛孒c=24.5鐗�銆傚叾浠栭噸瑕佺殑瓒呭皫鍖栧悎鐗╅倓鏈塚3Ga锛孴c=16.8K锛孒c=24鐗�锛汵b3Al锛孴c=18.8K锛孒c=30鐗�銆傗懀瓒呭皫闄剁摲锛�20涓栫磤80骞翠唬鍒�锛岀背鍕掑拰璨濆痉璜剧埦鑼ㄩ枊濮嬫敞鎰忓埌鏌愪簺姘у寲鐗╅櫠鐡锋潗鏂欏彲鑳芥湁瓒呭皫闆绘�э紝浠栧�戠殑灏忕祫灏嶄竴浜涙潗鏂欓�茶浜嗚│椹�锛屼簬1986骞村湪閼紞閶囷紞閵咃紞姘у寲鐗╀腑鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浜員c=35K鐨勮秴灏庨浕鎬с��1987骞�锛屼腑鍦嬨�佺編鍦�銆佹棩鏈瓑鍦嬬瀛稿鍦ㄩ媷锛嶉嚁锛嶉妳姘у寲鐗╀腑鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)Tc铏曚簬娑叉爱婧崁(q奴)鏈夎秴灏庨浕鎬�锛屼娇瓒呭皫闄剁摲鎴愮偤妤垫湁鐧�(f膩)灞曞墠鏅殑瓒呭皫鏉愭枡銆�
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