銆�銆�ICMP鍗�(xi茅)璀版槸涓�绋�闈㈠悜閫ｆ帴鐨勫崝(xi茅)璀帮紝鐢ㄤ簬鍌宠几鍑洪尟(cu貌)鍫�(b脿o)鍛婃帶鍒朵俊鎭�銆傚畠鏄�涓�鍊�(g猫)闈炲父閲嶈�佺殑鍗�(xi茅)璀帮紝瀹冨皪(du矛)浜庣恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀹夊叏鍏锋湁妤靛叾閲嶈�佺殑鎰忕��銆�

銆�銆�瀹冩槸TCP/IP鍗�(xi茅)璀版棌鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)瀛愬崝(xi茅)璀�,灞�浜庣��(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)灞ゅ崝(xi茅)璀�,涓昏�佺敤浜庡湪涓绘��(j墨)鑸囪矾鐢卞櫒涔嬮枔鍌抽仦鎺у埗淇℃伅,鍖呮嫭鍫�(b脿o)鍛婇尟(cu貌)瑾ゃ�佷氦鎻涘彈闄愭帶鍒跺拰鐙�鎱�(t脿i)淇℃伅绛�銆傜暥(d膩ng)閬囧埌IP鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐒�(w煤)娉曡í鍟�(w猫n)鐩�妯�(bi膩o)銆両P璺�鐢卞櫒鐒�(w煤)娉曟寜鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶇殑鍌宠几閫熺巼杞�(zhu菐n)鐧�(f膩)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖呯瓑鎯呮硜鏅�(sh铆)锛屾渻(hu矛)鑷�鍕�(d貌ng)鐧�(f膩)閫両CMP娑堟伅ICMP鎻愪緵涓�鑷存槗鎳傜殑鍑洪尟(cu貌)鍫�(b脿o)鍛婁俊鎭�銆傜櫦(f膩)閫佺殑鍑洪尟(cu貌)鍫�(b脿o)鏂囪繑鍥炲埌鐧�(f膩)閫佸師鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勮ō(sh猫)鍌�锛屽洜?y脿n)姗规尌閭猯(f膩)閫佽ō(sh猫)鍌欐墠鏄�鍑洪��(cu貌)鍫�(b脿o)鏂囩殑閭忚集鎺ュ彈鑰呫�傜櫦(f膩)閫佽ō(sh猫)鍌欓毃鍚庡彲鏍规摎(j霉)ICMP鍫�(b脿o)鏂囩⒑瀹氱櫦(f膩)鐢熼尟(cu貌)瑾ょ殑椤炲瀷锛屽苟纰哄畾濡備綍鎵嶈兘鏇村ソ鍦伴噸鐧�(f膩)澶辨晽鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍫�(b脿o)銆備絾鏄疘CMP鐨勫姛鑳芥槸鍫�(b脿o)鍛婂晱(w猫n)椤岃�屼笉鏄�绯炬�ｉ尟(cu貌)瑾�锛岀尘姝ｉ尟(cu貌)瑾ょ殑浠诲嫏(w霉)鐢辩櫦(f膩)閫佹柟瀹屾垚銆�

銆�銆�姣忓��(g猫)ICMP娑堟伅閮芥槸鐩存帴灏佽�濆湪涓�鍊�(g猫)IP鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍫�(b脿o)涓�鐨�锛屽洜姝わ紝鍜孶DP涓�妯�锛孖CMP鏄�涓嶅彲闈犵殑銆傞洊鐒禝CMP鏄�鍖呭惈鍦↖P鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍫�(b脿o)涓�鐨�锛屼絾鏄�灏�(du矛)ICMP娑堟伅閫氬父鏈�(hu矛)鐗规畩铏曠悊锛屾渻(hu矛)鍜屼竴鑸琁P鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍫�(b脿o)鐨勮檿鐞嗕笉鍚岋紝鑰屼笉鏄�浣滅偤IP鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)瀛愬崝(xi茅)璀颁締(l谩i)铏曠悊銆傚湪寰堝�氭��(sh铆)鍊�锛岄渶瑕佸幓鏌ョ湅ICMP娑堟伅鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�锛岀劧鍚庣櫦(f膩)閫侀仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑵籩(cu貌)瑾ゆ秷鎭�鍒伴偅鍊�(g猫)鍘熶締(l谩i)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢烮P鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖呯殑绋嬪簭锛屽嵆閭ｅ��(g猫)灏�(d菐o)鑷碔CMP瑷婃伅琚�鍌抽�佺殑IP鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖�銆�

銆�銆�鎴戝��?c猫)璇癢(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)涓�缍�(j墨ng)甯告渻(hu矛)浣跨敤鍒癐CMP鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛屾瘮濡傛垜鍊戠稉(j墨ng)甯镐娇鐢ㄧ殑鐢ㄤ簬妾㈡煡缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)閫氫笉閫氱殑Ping鍛戒护锛圠inux鍜學indows涓�鍧囨湁锛�锛岄�欏��(g猫)鈥淧ing鈥濈殑閬�(gu貌)绋嬪��(sh铆)闅涗笂灏辨槸ICMP鍗�(xi茅)璀板伐浣滅殑閬�(gu貌)绋�銆傞倓鏈夊叾浠栫殑缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍛戒护濡傝窡韫よ矾鐢辩殑Tracert鍛戒护涔熸槸鍩轰簬ICMP鍗�(xi茅)璀扮殑銆�

銆�銆�ICMP鍗�(xi茅)璀板皪(du矛)浜庣恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀹夊叏鍏锋湁妤靛叾閲嶈�佺殑鎰忕��銆侷CMP鍗�(xi茅)璀版湰韬�鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)姹哄畾浜嗗畠闈炲父瀹规槗琚�鐢ㄤ簬鏀绘搳缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)涓婄殑璺�鐢卞櫒鍜屼富姗�(j墨)銆備緥濡�锛屽湪1999骞�8鏈堟捣淇￠泦鍦�(tu谩n)鈥滄嚫璩炩��50钀�(w脿n)鍏冧汉姘戝梗娓�(c猫)瑭﹂槻鐏�澧荤殑閬�(gu貌)绋嬩腑锛屽叾闃茬伀澧婚伃鍙楀埌鐨処CMP鏀绘搳閬�(d谩)334050娆′箣澶氾紝鍗犳暣鍊�(g猫)鏀绘搳绺芥暩(sh霉)鐨�90%浠ヤ笂锛佸彲瑕�(ji脿n)锛孖CMP鐨勯噸瑕佹�х禃涓嶅彲浠ュ拷瑕栵紒

銆�銆�姣斿��锛屽彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄦ搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑ICMP鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖呭昂瀵镐笉瓒呴亷(gu貌)64KB閫欎竴瑕�(gu墨)瀹�锛屽悜涓绘��(j墨)鐧�(f膩)璧封�淧ing of Death鈥濓紙姝讳骸涔婸ing锛夋敾鎿�?锛佺櫃ing of Death鈥� 鏀绘搳鐨勫師鐞嗘槸锛氬�傛灉ICMP鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖呯殑灏哄�歌秴閬�(gu貌)64KB涓婇檺鏅�(sh铆)锛屼富姗�(j墨)灏辨渻(hu矛)鍑虹従(xi脿n)鍏�(n猫i)瀛樺垎閰嶉尟(cu貌)瑾�锛屽皫(d菐o)鑷碩CP/IP鍫嗘＇宕╂桨锛岃嚧浣夸富姗�(j墨)姝绘��(j墨)銆�

銆�銆�姝ゅ�栵紝鍚戠洰妯�(bi膩o)涓绘��(j墨)闀�(zh菐ng)鏅�(sh铆)闁�銆侀�ｇ簩(x霉)銆佸ぇ閲忓湴鐧�(f膩)閫両CMP鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖咃紝涔熸渻(hu矛)鏈�绲備娇绯荤当(t菕ng)鐧辩槗銆傚ぇ閲忕殑ICMP鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖呮渻(hu矛)褰㈡垚鈥淚CMP棰�(f膿ng)鏆粹�濓紝浣垮緱鐩�妯�(bi膩o)涓绘��(j墨)鑰楄不(f猫i)澶ч噺鐨凜PU璩囨簮铏曠悊锛岀柌浜庡�斿懡銆�

銆�銆�寰炴妧琛�(sh霉)瑙掑害渚�(l谩i)瑾�(shu艒)锛孖CMP灏辨槸涓�鍊�(g猫)鈥滈尟(cu貌)瑾ゅ伒娓�(c猫)鑸囧洖鍫�(b脿o)姗�(j墨)鍒垛��锛屽叾鐩�鐨勫氨鏄�璁撴垜鍊戣兘澶犳�㈡��(c猫)缍�(w菐ng)璺�鐨勯�ｇ窔鐙�娉侊箰涔熻兘纰轰繚閫ｇ窔鐨勬簴(zh菙n)纰烘�э箰鍏跺姛鑳戒富瑕佹湁锛�

銆�銆�路 鍋垫脯(c猫)閬�(yu菐n)绔�涓绘��(j墨)鏄�鍚﹀瓨鍦�銆�

銆�銆�路 寤虹珛鍙婄董璀�(h霉)璺�鐢辫硣鏂�銆�

銆�銆�路 閲嶅皫(d菐o)璩囨枡鍌抽�佽矾寰�銆�

銆�銆�路璩囨枡娴侀噺鎺у埗銆�

銆�銆�Type 鈥� 閷�(cu貌)瑾ゆ秷鎭�鎴栦俊鎭�娑堟伅銆傞尟(cu貌)瑾ゆ秷鎭�鍙�鑳芥槸涓嶅彲鐛插緱鐩�妯�(bi膩o)鏂囦欢锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍖呭お澶�锛岃秴鏅�(sh铆)锛屽弮鏁�(sh霉)鍟�(w猫n)椤岀瓑?锛熻怠鑹跨敺鐣斺懢顛尖拏鏍＄瘝cho Request銆丒cho Reply銆丟roup Membership Query銆丟roup Membership Report銆丟roup Membership Reduction銆�

銆�銆�Code 鈥� 姣忕ó娑堟伅椤炲瀷鍏锋湁澶氱ó涓嶅悓浠ｇ⒓銆備笉鍙�鐛插緱鐩�妯�(bi膩o)鏂囦欢姝ｅ紡閫欐ǎ涓�鍊�(g猫)渚嬪瓙锛屽嵆鍏朵腑鍙�鑳界殑娑堟伅鏄�锛氱洰妯�(bi膩o)鏂囦欢娌�(m茅i)鏈夎矾鐢�锛岀�佹�㈣垏鐩�妯�(bi膩o)鏂囦欢鐨勯�氫俊锛岄潪閯板眳锛屼笉鍙�鐛插緱鍦板潃锛屼笉鍙�鐛插緱绔�鍙�銆傚叿楂旂窗(x矛)绡�(ji茅)璜�(q菒ng)鍙冪収鐩搁棞(gu膩n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆�

銆�銆�Checksum 鈥� 瑷�(j矛)绠楁牎椹�(y脿n)鍜屾檪(sh铆)锛孋hecksum 瀛楁�佃��(sh猫)缃�鐐�0銆�

銆�銆�Identifier 鈥� 骞�鍔╁尮閰� Requests/Replies 鐨勬��(bi膩o)璀�(sh铆)绗�锛屽�煎彲鑳界偤0銆�

銆�銆�Sequence Number 鈥� 骞�鍔╁尮閰� Requests/Replies 鐨勫簭鍒楄櫉(h脿o)锛屽�煎彲鑳界偤0銆�

銆�銆�Address Mask 鈥� 32浣嶆帺纰煎湴鍧�銆�

銆�銆�unsignedshortchksum(addr,len)