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銆�銆�2005-鑷充粖锛孞eong Kim
銆�銆�2001-2005锛孊ill O'Shea
銆�銆�1999-2001锛孉run Netravali
銆�銆�1995-1999锛孌aniel C. Stanzione
銆�銆�1991-1995锛孞ohn S. Mayo
銆�銆�1979-1991锛孖an M. Ross
銆�銆�1973-1979锛學illiam O. Baker
銆�銆�1959-1973锛孞ames B. Fisk
銆�銆�1951-1959锛孧ervin J. Kelly
銆�銆�1940-1951锛孫liver E. Buckley
銆�銆�1925-1940锛孎(xi脿n)rank B. Jewett
銆�銆�鈼忛浕鑽疯�﹀悎鍣ㄤ欢锛圕CD锛夛紙2009骞达級锛氬▉鎷夊痉路鍗氫紛鐖撅紙Willard S. Boyle 锛夊拰鍠不路鍩冪埦浼嶅痉路鍙插瘑鏂紙George E. Smith 锛夊叡鍚岀櫦(f膩)鏄庨浕鑽疯�﹀悎绲勪欢锛圕CD锛夛紝鍏╀汉鍥犺�岀嵅寰�2009骞磋璨濈埦鐗╃悊瀛�(xu茅)鐛�銆�
銆�銆�鈼忓垎?j菒n)?sh霉)閲忓瓙闇嶇埦鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛�1998骞达級锛氶湇鏂壒路鏂墭榛橈紙Horst Stormer锛夛紝缇呬集鐗孤峰嫗鍏嬫灄锛圧obert Laughlin锛岀洰鍓嶅湪鏂潶绂忓ぇ瀛�(xu茅)锛夛紝涓瑰凹鐖撅紙Daniel Tsui 锛岀洰鍓嶅湪鏅灄鏂爴澶у(xu茅)锛�锛岀敱浜庣櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)閲忓瓙闇嶈�虫晥鎳�(y墨ng)鎵�鍋氬嚭鐨勬澃鍑鸿并鐛�(xi脿n)鑰岀嵅寰楄璨濈埦鐗╃悊瀛�(xu茅)鐛庛��
銆�銆�鈼忓厜闃憋紙1997锛夛細缇庡湅鑿鐗╃悊瀛�(xu茅)瀹舵湵妫ｆ枃锛圫teven Chu 锛夛紙鐩墠鍦ㄦ柉鍧︾澶у(xu茅)锛�锛屽洜鈥滅櫦(f膩)灞曚簡鐢ㄦ縺鍏夊喎鍗诲拰鎹曠嵅鍘熷瓙鐨勬柟娉曗�濊�岀嵅寰�1997骞磋璨濈埦鐗╃悊瀛�(xu茅)鐛�銆�
銆�銆�鈼廋CD锛�1978骞达級锛氶樋璜韭峰江榻婁簽鏂紙Arno A. Penzias锛夊拰缇呬集鐗孤峰▉鐖鹃仠锛圧obert W. Wilson锛夊叡鍚岀櫦(f膩)鏄庨浕鑽疯�﹀悎绲勪欢锛圕CD锛�銆傚江榻婁簽鏂拰濞佺埦閬滃垎鍒ュ垪鑸変簡浠栧�戠殑寰急鑳屾櫙杓诲皠鐨勨�滃ぇ鐖嗙偢鈥濈櫦(f膩)鐢熺垎鐐革紝瀛曡偛浜嗘暩(sh霉)鍗佸剟骞村墠鐨勫畤瀹欏墿浣欑殑鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
銆�銆�鈼忛浕瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐞嗚珫锛�1977锛夛細鑿插埄鏅峰畨寰锋．锛圥hilip W. Anderson锛�锛岀鎬у拰鐒″簭绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勯浕瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎵�浣滅殑鍩虹(ch菙)鐞嗚珫鐮旂┒銆�
銆�銆�鈼忔櫠楂旂锛�1956骞达級锛氱磩缈板反涓侊紙John Bardeen锛�锛屾矁鐖剧壒锛� Walter H. Brattain锛夊拰濞佸粔鑲栧厠鍒╋紙 William Shockley锛夊洜鐧�(f膩)鏄庢櫠楂旂鑰岀嵅寰楄璨濈埦鐛�銆�
銆�銆�鈼忛浕瀛愯灏勶紙1937锛夛細鍏嬫灄闋擄紙Clinton J. Davisson锛�銆�
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