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鎮ㄥソ锛屾杩庝締(l谩i)鍒扮董搴�(k霉)闆诲瓙甯傚牬(ch菐ng)缍�(w菐ng) 鐧婚寗 | 鍏嶈不(f猫i)娉ㄥ唺(c猫)

CISC
闁辫畝锛�10752鏅�(sh铆)闁擄細2011-03-20 22:20:19

銆�銆�CISC锛屽叏绋盋omplex Instruction Set Computer锛屽嵆寰�(f霉)闆滄寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)銆傛渶鍒�锛屼汉鍊戦噰鐢ㄧ殑鍎�(y艒u)鍖栨柟娉曟槸閫氶亷瑷�(sh猫)缃竴浜涘姛鑳藉京(f霉)闆滅殑鎸囦护锛屾妸涓�浜涘師渚�(l谩i)鐢辫粺浠跺(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐨�銆佸父鐢ㄧ殑鍔熻兘鏀圭敤纭欢鐨勬寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屼互姝や締(l谩i)鎻愰珮瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐨勫煼(zh铆)琛岄�熷害锛岄�欑ó瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)灏辫绋辩偤寰�(f霉)闆滄寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)銆�

姒傝堪

銆�銆�寰�(f霉)闆滄寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)锛圕omplexInstructionSetComputer锛夌啊(ji菐n)绋�(CISC),鏄竴绋井铏曠悊鍣ㄦ寚浠ら泦鏋舵(g貌u)锛圛SA锛�锛屽井铏曠悊鍣ㄦ槸鑷�(t谩i)寮忚▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫熀鏈檿鐞嗛儴浠讹紝姣忓��(g猫)寰檿鐞嗗櫒鐨勬牳蹇冩槸閬�(y霉n)琛屾寚浠ょ殑闆昏矾銆傛寚浠ょ敱瀹屾垚浠诲嫏(w霉)鐨勫鍊�(g猫)姝ラ鎵�绲勬垚锛屾妸鏁�(sh霉)鍊煎偝閫侀��(j矛n)瀵勫瓨鍣ㄦ垨閫�(j矛n)琛岀浉鍔犻亱(y霉n)绠�銆傞�欎簺鎸囦护琚ū鐐哄井鐞嗗櫒鐨勫井浠ｇ⒓(microcode)锛屼笉鍚屽埗閫犲晢鐨勫井铏曠悊鍣ㄦ湁涓嶅悓鐨勫井浠ｇ⒓绯荤当(t菕ng)锛屽埗閫犲晢鍙寜鑷繁鐨勬剰鎰夸娇寰唬纰煎仛寰楃啊(ji菐n)鍠垨寰�(f霉)闆�銆傛寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瓒婅睈瀵�锛屽井铏曠悊鍣ㄧ法绋嬪氨瓒婄啊(ji菐n)鍠�锛岀劧鑰�锛屽煼(zh铆)琛岄�熷害涔熺浉鎳�(y墨ng)瓒婃參銆�

鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)

銆�銆�1.鎸囦护鏍煎紡涓嶅浐瀹�,鎸囦护鍙暦(zh菐ng)鍙煭,鎿嶄綔鏁�(sh霉)鍙鍙皯.

銆�銆�2.灏嬪潃鏂瑰紡寰�(f霉)闆滃妯�锛屾搷浣滄暩(sh霉)鍙締(l谩i)鑷瘎瀛樺櫒,涔熷彲渚�(l谩i)鑷瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣�.

銆�銆�3.浣跨敤寰唬纰�,鎸囦护闆嗗彲浠ョ洿鎺ュ湪寰唬纰艰鎲堕珨(姣斾富瑷樻喍楂旂殑閫熷害蹇緢澶�)閲屽煼(zh铆)琛�.

銆�銆�4.鍏佽ū瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)甯(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)CISC楂旂郴姗�(j墨)鍣ㄧ殑鍚戜笂鐩稿.鏂扮殑绯荤当(t菕ng)鍙互浣跨敤涓�鍊�(g猫)鍖呭惈鏃╂湡绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬寚浠よ秴闆嗗悎.

銆�銆�5.寰▼寮忔寚浠ょ殑鏍煎紡鑸囬珮闅庤獮(y菙)瑷�鐩稿尮閰�,鍥犺�岀法璀櫒鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)杓冪啊(ji菐n)鍠�.

銆�銆�6.CPI>5,鎸囦护瓒婂京(f霉)闆�,CPI瓒婂ぇ.

缂洪櫡

銆�銆�1.鎸囦护浣跨敤闋诲害涓嶅潎琛�."80~20"鐨勭悊璜�,80%鐨勮▓(j矛)绠椾换鍕�(w霉)鍙渶瑕佽(di脿o)鐢�20%鐨勬寚浠ゅ氨鑳藉畬鎴�; 鎿�(ku貌)鍏呯殑寰�(f霉)闆滄寚浠ゅ線寰�鏄綆闋诲害鎸囦护.

銆�銆�2.澶ч噺寰�(f霉)闆滄寚浠ょ殑鎺у埗閭忚集涓嶈(gu墨)鏁�.涓嶉仼浜嶸LSI闆嗘垚,寰▼搴忕殑浣跨敤鍙嶈�屽埗绱勪簡閫熷害鎻愰珮.

銆�銆�3.CISC鎸囦护鐨勬牸寮忛暦(zh菐ng)鐭笉涓�锛岄渶瑕佷笉鍚岀殑鏅�(sh铆)閻樺懆鏈熶締(l谩i)瀹屾垚.鍩�(zh铆)琛岃純鎱㈢殑鎸囦护灏囧奖闊挎暣鑷�(t谩i)姗�(j墨)鍣ㄧ殑鍩�(zh铆)琛屾晥鐜�.涓嶅埄浜庨噰鐢ㄥ厛閫�(j矛n)鎸囦护绱�(j铆)骞惰鎶�琛�(sh霉).

銆�銆�4.杌熺‖鍔熻兘鍒嗛厤锛庡京(f霉)闆滄寚浠ゅ鍔犵‖浠剁殑寰�(f霉)闆滃害锛屼娇鎸囦护鍩�(zh铆)琛屽懆鏈熷ぇ澶у姞闀�(zh菐ng)锛岀洿鎺ヨí瀛樻鏁�(sh霉)澧炲锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閲嶅京(f霉)鍒╃敤鐜囦綆

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銆�銆�CISC鏄寚寰�(f霉)闆滄寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)(ComplexInstructionSetComputer)銆傞�欓噷鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎸囦护绯荤当(t菕ng)鎸囩殑鏄▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐨勫堡鐨勬(j墨)鍣ㄦ寚浠�锛屼篃灏辨槸CPU鑳藉鐩存帴璀�(sh铆)鍒ョ殑鎸囦护銆傞毃钁楄▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫京(f霉)闆�锛岃姹傝▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎸囦护绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬(g貌u)閫犺兘浣胯▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐨勬暣楂旀�ц兘鏇村揩鏇寸┅(w臎n)瀹�銆傛渶鍒濓紝浜哄�戦噰鐢ㄧ殑鍎�(y艒u)鍖栨柟娉曟槸閫氶亷瑷�(sh猫)缃竴浜涘姛鑳藉京(f霉)闆滅殑鎸囦护锛屾妸涓�浜涘師渚�(l谩i)鐢辫粺浠跺(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐨�銆佸父鐢ㄧ殑鍔熻兘鏀圭敤纭欢鐨勬寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屼互姝や締(l谩i)鎻愰珮瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐨勫煼(zh铆)琛岄�熷害锛岄�欑ó瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)灏辫绋辩偤寰�(f霉)闆滄寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)锛屽嵆ComplexInstructionSetComputer锛岀啊(ji菐n)绋盋ISC銆傚彟涓�绋劒(y艒u)鍖栨柟娉曟槸鍦�20涓栫磤(j矛)80骞翠唬鎵嶇櫦(f膩)灞曡捣渚�(l谩i)鐨�锛屽叾鍩烘湰鎬濇兂鏄洝閲忕啊(ji菐n)鍖栬▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎸囦护鍔熻兘锛屽彧淇濈暀閭ｄ簺鍔熻兘绨�(ji菐n)鍠�銆佽兘鍦ㄤ竴鍊�(g猫)绡�(ji茅)鎷嶅収(n猫i)鍩�(zh铆)琛屽畬鎴愮殑鎸囦护锛岃�屾妸杓冨京(f霉)闆滅殑鍔熻兘鐢ㄤ竴娈靛瓙绋嬪簭渚�(l谩i)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)锛岄�欑ó瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)灏辫绋辩偤绮剧啊(ji菐n)鎸囦护绯荤当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)锛庡嵆ReducedInstructionSetComputer锛岀啊(ji菐n)绋盧ISC銆俁ISC鎶�琛�(sh霉)鐨勭簿鑿氨鏄�氶亷绨�(ji菐n)鍖栬▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎸囦护鍔熻兘锛屼娇鎸囦护鐨勫钩鍧囧煼(zh铆)琛屽懆鏈熸笡灏�锛屽緸鑰屾彁楂樿▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐨勫伐浣滀富闋伙紝鍚屾檪(sh铆)澶ч噺浣跨敤閫氱敤瀵勫瓨鍣ㄤ締(l谩i)鎻愰珮瀛愮▼搴忓煼(zh铆)琛岀殑閫熷害銆�

銆�銆�寰炶▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)瑾曠敓浠ヤ締(l谩i)锛屼汉鍊戜竴鐩存部鐢–ISC鎸囦护闆嗘柟寮�銆傛棭鏈熺殑妗岄潰杌熶欢鏄寜CISC瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勶紝骞朵竴鐩存部鐢�銆傛闈㈣▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)娴佽鐨剎86楂旂郴绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍗充娇鐢–ISC銆傚井铏曠悊鍣紙CPU锛夊粻鍟嗕竴鐩村湪璧癈ISC鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曢亾璺紝鍖呮嫭Intel銆丄MD锛岄倓鏈夊叾浠栦竴浜涚従(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ凡缍�(j墨ng)鏇村悕鐨勫粻鍟�锛屽TI锛堝痉宸炲剙鍣級銆丆yrix浠ュ強VIA锛堝▉鐩涳級绛�銆傚湪CISC寰檿鐞嗗櫒涓紝绋嬪簭鐨勫悇姊濇寚浠ゆ槸鎸夐爢搴忎覆琛屽煼(zh铆)琛岀殑锛屾瘡姊濇寚浠や腑鐨勫悇鍊�(g猫)鎿嶄綔涔熸槸鎸夐爢搴忎覆琛屽煼(zh铆)琛岀殑銆傞爢搴忓煼(zh铆)琛岀殑鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)鏄帶鍒剁啊(ji菐n)鍠�锛屼絾瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鍚勯儴鍒嗙殑鍒╃敤鐜囦笉楂橈紝鍩�(zh铆)琛岄�熷害鎱�銆侰ISC鏋舵(g貌u)鐨勬湇鍕�(w霉)鍣ㄤ富瑕佷互IA-32鏋舵(g貌u)锛圛ntelArchitecture,鑻辩壒鐖炬灦妲�(g貌u)锛夌偤涓�锛岃�屼笖澶氭暩(sh霉)鐐轰腑浣庢獢鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍣ㄦ墍閲囩敤銆�

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