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    鐞冭偂鏉卞�為暦鍒╂饯锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)浠ラ�欑ó鎶�琛�(sh霉)鍗�(xi茅)鍔╁叏鐞冨�㈡埗瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)浠栧�戠殑鐩�妯�(bi膩o)銆傚湪姝ゆ帹鍕曞姏涓�锛屼粬鍊戝湪1997骞寸殑閵峰敭椤嶉仈(d谩)鍒板叓鍗佸剟缇庡厓锛�1998骞寸殑閵峰敭椤嶉仈(d谩)鍒板叓鍗佷簲鍎勭編鍏�銆�1999骞碒oneywell锛堥湇灏奸煁鐖撅級AlliedSignal锛堣伅(li谩n)淇★級鍚堝苟锛屽悎骞朵互鍚庢暣鍊�(g猫)鍏�鍙镐粛浠�Honeywell鍐犲悕锛屾柊鐨凥oneywell鍏�鍙镐粛鐒朵繚鎸佸湪澶氬��(g猫)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熻檿浜庡湴浣嶇殑鍏ㄧ悆楂樼�戞妧鍏�鍙哥壒榛�(di菐n)锛屼娇鏂扮殑Honeywell鏇村姞寮�(qi谩ng)澶�锛屽挨鍏跺湪鑷�鍕曟帶鍒堕��(l菒ng)鍩熷拰鑸�绌鸿埅澶╂妧琛�(sh霉)鏂归潰锛屼护涓栦汉鐭氱洰銆傛瘡涓�鏋舵尝闊抽�涙��(j墨)閲�锛屾湁30%鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸嚭鑷�浜嶩oneywell鍏�鍙�锛岄�欎簺鏄�鑸�绌洪浕瀛愬拰椋涜�屽畨鍏ㄧ��(ch菐n)鍝�锛屼互鍙婅垏鑷�鍕曟帶鍒跺��(y艒u)鍕㈢浉绲勫悎鎵�鍒堕�犵殑鐐哄悇绋�椋涙��(j墨) 浣跨敤鐨勪竴楂斿寲绯荤当(t菕ng)銆傚勾閵峰敭椤嶉仈(d谩)鍒�250鍎勭編鍏�锛屼竴鑸夎法鍏ョ編鍦嬭病(c谩i)瀵屽墠60寮�(qi谩ng)銆�

    鏂扮殑涓栫磤(j矛)鍒颁締涔嬮殯锛屼笘鐣岀殑淇濆畨绯荤当(t菕ng)鍒堕�犲晢WSE锛堣タ灞嬶級銆丆&K銆丄DEMCO锛堝畨瀹氬�讹級鍜岄槻鐏�绯荤当(t菕ng)鍒堕�犲晢SystemSensor锛堢洓濉炵埦锛夈�丯otifire绛夊叕鍙�锛岀浉绻煎姞鐩烪oneywell锛屼娇鎴戝�戠殑寤虹瓚鐗╄嚜鍕曞寲绯荤当(t菕ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺ó椤炴洿鍔犲��锛孒oneywell鍏�鍙告垚鐐哄叏鐞冪殑寤虹瓚鐗╃��(ch菐n)鍝佷緵鎳�(y墨ng)鍟�?锛涜�熺姶f鐖惧叕鍙镐富瑕佸垎鐐轰笁鍊�(g猫)妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)閮ㄥ垎锛氫綇瀹呭強妯撳畤鑷�鎺�銆佸伐妤�(y猫)鑷�鎺с�佽埅澶╁強鑸�绌鸿嚜鎺�銆�

    浠婂ぉ鐨勯湇灏奸煁鐖惧湅闅涘叕鍙告槸1999骞存槬澶╃敱鍏╁��(g猫)鍏ㄧ悆鍏�鍙窤lliedSignal 鑸嘓oneywell 鍏�鍙稿悎骞惰�屼締鐨�銆�

    鍓�(chu脿ng)濮�

    闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鍦嬮殯鍏�鍙哥殑姝峰彶鍙�浠ヨ拷婧�鍒�1885骞达紝閭ｆ檪(sh铆)涓�鍊�(g猫)鍚嶇偤Albert Butz鐨勭櫦(f膩)鏄庡�跺彇寰椾簡鐔旂垚妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍎�鍜屽牨(b脿o)璀﹀櫒鐨勫皥鍒�銆備粬浜�1886骞�4鏈�23鏃ユ垚绔嬩簡Butz闆昏〃鍎�鍏�鍙�锛屽咕鍊�(g猫)鏄熸湡涔嬪悗锛屼粬鍙堢櫦(f膩)鏄庝簡涓�鍊�(g猫)鏃㈢啊鍠�鍙堥潏娲荤殑瑁濈��锛屽懡鍚嶇偤"damper flapper."

    鍓嶈韩

    1893骞�锛岄亷鍘荤殑鑱�(li谩n)鍚堢啽鎺у埗鍏�鍙告洿鍚嶇偤闆诲瓙鐔辨帶鍒跺叕鍙革紙EHR锛�銆�

    1904骞�锛屼竴鍚嶅勾杓曠殑宸ョ▼甯玀ark Honeywel姝ｅ湪鍔�鍔涘畬鍠勭啽鐧�(f膩)闆绘��(j墨)鎬ц兘銆傚叐骞翠箣鍚庯紝浠栧壍(chu脿ng)绔嬩簡闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鐔辨妧琛�(sh霉)鍏�鍙�锛屽皥闁�鐮斿埗鐔辨按鍔犵啽鐨勭櫦(f膩)闆绘��(j墨)銆�

    1912骞达紝HER鍏�鍙告��(ku貌)灞曚簡妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)鑼冨湇锛屾洿鍚嶇偤Minneapolis鐔辨帶鍒跺叕鍙革紙MHR锛�銆傚洓骞翠箣鍚庯紝MHR鍏�鍙哥敵璜嬩簡瀹堕浕瀛愭懇鎵樿粖鐨勫皥鍒�锛岀敱Underwriters瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ壒婧�(zh菙n)銆�

    1927骞达紝MHR鍏�鍙稿拰闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鐔辨妧琛�(sh霉)鍏�鍙稿悎骞�锛屽舰鎴愪簡Minneapolis闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鎺у埗鍏�鍙革紝鎴愮偤鐨勯珮璩�(zh矛)閲忓師瀛愰悩鐨勫埗閫犲晢锛岄毃鍚庢敹璩间簡閫欏��(g猫)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熶腑鐨勫叾浠栦竴浜涘叕鍙�銆�

    鍏�鍙哥殑鍚嶇ū鍦�1963骞存�ｅ紡鏇存敼鐐洪湇灏奸煁鐖惧湅闅涘叕鍙革紝涓嶉亷鑸�40骞村墠鐨勯湇灏奸煁鐖惧叕鍙稿凡缍�(j墨ng)鏈変簡寰堝ぇ鐨勪笉鍚�銆傚叚骞村悗锛岀編鍦嬪畤鑸�鍝�Neil Armstrong 鍜孍dwin "Buzz" Aldrin鐧讳笂浜嗘湀鐞�锛屾墍浣跨敤鐨勫氨鏄�闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鍦嬮殯鍏�鍙哥殑鐢�(ch菐n)鍝�銆�

    1986骞�锛岀敱浜庢敹璩间簡Sperry鑸�绌鸿埅澶╁叕鍙革紝闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鍦嬮殯鍏�鍙稿湪鑸�绌鸿埅澶╁伐妤�(y猫)鐨勫湴浣嶉’钁楀湴鎻愰珮浜�锛岃繀閫熷湴鎴愮偤浜嗕笘鐣屽奖闊垮姏鐨勮埅绌洪浕瀛愯ō(sh猫)鍌欑殑缍滃悎鍒堕�犲晢銆�

    2002骞达紝楂樺痉濞佽��浠诲懡鐐鸿懀浜嬮暦鍏奸湇灏奸煁鐖鹃�栧腑鍩�(zh铆)琛屽畼銆傚湪浠栫殑闋�(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)涔嬩笅锛屽叕鍙镐富瑕侀泦涓�鍦ㄤ簲鍊�(g猫)涓昏�佹帾鏂斤細澧為��銆佺敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涖�佺従(xi脿n)閲�銆佷汉鎵嶅拰鏂规硶锛� 闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鐕熼亱(y霉n)绯荤当(t菕ng)銆佸姛鑳借綁(zhu菐n)鍨嬪拰蹇�閫熺敘(ch菐n)鍝侀枊鐧�(f膩)锛�?锛涜�熺姶f鐖剧嚐閬�(y霉n)绯荤当(t菕ng)鍜屽姛鑳借綁(zhu菐n)鎻涳紝浠ュ姞寮�(qi谩ng)闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鍏�鍙镐綔鐐虹殑浼佹��(y猫)涔嬩竴锛屽湪鏂扮殑鍗冨勾鐨勫湴浣嶃��

    闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鐨勬�峰彶鍙�浠ヨ拷婧�鍒�1885骞�锛岀暥(d膩ng)涓�鍊�(g猫)鍚嶇偤闃跨埦浼�鐗规瓙甯冭尣鐧�(f膩)鏄庡皥鍒╃垚瑾�(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)鍣ㄥ拰鍫�(b脿o)璀︺�備粬鎴愮珛浜�1886骞�4鏈�23鏃ョ殑姝愬竷鑼茬啽闆昏��(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)鍣ㄦ湁闄愬叕鍙�锛屾槑灏奸樋娉㈠埄鏂�鍦ㄥ咕鍊�(g猫)鏄熸湡鍚庣櫦(f膩)鏄庝簡涓�绋�绨″柈鑰屽阀濡欑殑瑁濈疆锛屼粬鎵�璎傜殑鈥滄笡闇囧櫒鎻掓澘鈥� 銆�

    浠ヤ笅鏄�濡備綍宸ヤ綔鐨�銆傜暥(d膩ng)鎴块枔婧�搴︿綆浜庨��(y霉)瀹氱殑鍐峰嵒锛屾亽婧�鍣ㄩ��(gu膩n)闁変簡闆昏矾鍜屽厖婊挎椿鍔涚殑闆绘��銆傞�欒��寰為綊杓�闆绘��(j墨)鍋滄��锛屽厑瑷辨洸鏌勯�ｆ帴鍒颁富闆绘��(j墨)杌告妸涓�鍗婄殑闈╁懡銆傞�ｆ帴鍒版洸鏌勬墦闁嬬垚鐨勭┖姘ｉ樆灏煎櫒锛岃畵绌烘埃涓�鐨凙閺�銆傞�欎娇寰楃伀鐕掔啽銆傜暥(d膩ng)婧�搴︿笂鍗囪嚦闋�(y霉)瀹氭按骞�锛屾亽婧�鍣ㄧず鎰忔苯杌婅��(zhu菐n)鍚戝彟涓�鍗婄殑闈╁懡锛岀祼(ji茅)鏉熶簡闃诲凹鍜岄樆灏肩伀銆傛韩搴︽牎姝ｆ槸鑷�鍕曠��銆傚�氬勾渚嗭紝瑷卞�氱敘(ch菐n)鍝佸凡闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鍩轰簬鐩镐技锛屼絾鏇村京(f霉)闆滅殑闁夌挵(hu谩n)绯荤当(t菕ng)銆�

    缍滃悎婧�搴︽帶鍒舵湁闄愬叕鍙告垚绔�锛屾敹璩兼瓙甯冭尣鐨勫皥鍒╁拰鍟嗘キ(y猫)锛屽拰1893骞�锛屽凡鏀瑰悕鐐洪浕鐔辫��(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)鍣ㄦ湁闄愬叕鍙稿�跺��1895骞寸殑寤ｅ憡璺戠従(xi脿n)鐨勭壒鑹茬殑鎭掓韩銆� 1898骞�锛岃┎鍏�鍙歌臣璨蜂簡鐢盬R鏂�闊嬬��锛屽埌1916骞�锛屾敼璁婁簡鍏�鍙哥殑鍚嶇ū鐐烘槑灏奸樋娉㈠埄鏂�鐔辫��(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)鍣ㄥ叕鍙�锛屾摯(ku貌)灞曞叾鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺窔锛屽苟鐛插緱灏堝埄鐨勯浕鍕曟��(j墨)鐢变繚闅�(xi菐n)鍟嗗��(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ獚(r猫n)鍙�銆�

    鑸囨�ゅ悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屽湪娌冨反浠�锛屽嵃绗�瀹夌��...

    鑸囨�ゅ悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屽湪1904骞�锛屽勾杓曠殑宸ョ▼甯�棣�鍏嬮湇灏奸煁鐖撅紝鏄�瀹屽杽浣滅偤浠栫殑绠￠亾鍜屽彇鏆栭儴鍒嗘��(y猫)鍕�(w霉)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鐔遍噺銆傚叐骞村悗锛屼粬鎴愮珛浜嗛湇灏奸煁鐖炬殩姘ｅ叕鍙�锛屽湪鍔犲叆鐔辨按鐔辩櫦(f膩)闆绘��(j墨)銆�

    鍒�1912骞�锛岄浕瀛愮梾姝峰凡鎿�(ku貌)澶у叾鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺窔锛屽苟鏇村悕鐐烘槑灏奸樋娉㈠埄鏂�鐔辫��(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)鍣ㄥ叕鍙革紙蹇冪巼锛�銆� 4骞村悗锛屽钩鍧囧績鐜囧皥鍒╅浕鍕曟��(j墨)鐢变繚闅�(xi菐n)鍟嗗��(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ獚(r猫n)鍙�銆�

    1927骞村悎骞� :1927骞�锛屾槑灏奸樋娉㈠埄鏂�鐔辫��(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)渚涙殩鍏�鍙稿拰闇嶅凹闊嬬埦鍏�鍙稿悎骞剁祫寤虹偤鏄庡凹闃挎尝鍒╂柉锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖捐��(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)鍣ㄦ湁闄愬叕鍙革紝骞舵垚鐐洪珮鍝佽唱(zh矛)鐨勫�剁煶閻樿〃鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍦�銆傝タ閻垫柉闊嬬壒鎴愮偤钁ｄ簨闀峰拰棣�鍏嬮湇灏奸煁鐖惧叕鍙哥附瑁併�傝┎鍏�鍙稿湪鐐烘帶鍒跺湴鍗�(q奴)鐨勫咕鍊�(g猫)鏀惰臣銆傚叾涓�鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)鏀惰臣鏄�甯冩湕鍎�鍣ㄦ湁闄愬叕鍙革紝鍦ㄥ伐妤�(y猫)鎺у埗鍜屾寚妯�(bi膩o)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熺殑鍏ㄧ悆闋�(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)锛屼互鍙婇珮婧�瑷�(j矛)鐨勭櫦(f膩)鏄庤��銆傛剾寰疯彲甯冩湕涔嬪墠鏇剧櫦(f膩)鏄庝簡19涓栫磤(j矛)涓�钁夌殑纰虫】楂樻韩瑷�(j矛)锛屼篃娌掓湁婧�(zh菙n)纰虹殑鏂规硶渚嗚　閲忛憚閫犲粻鍜岀��鐨勯珮婧�銆俒1]

    鍚勫湴浼佹キ(y猫)

    鏄庡凹闃挎尝鍒╂柉锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖剧┅(w臎n)澹撳櫒鏈夐檺鍏�鍙搁姺鍞�宸蹭箙鐨勮部(m脿o)鏄撳叕鍙稿�傛�︿笘鐣屽悇鍦扮殑鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸湪鏃ユ湰閫氶亷鍒嗛姺鍟�銆� 1934骞�锛岃┎鍏�鍙告敹璩兼��(sh铆)锛孫鍨嬬当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鎺у埗鍏�鍙�锛屽苟闁嬪�嬩簡鍏ㄧ悆鎿�(ku貌)寮电殑姝峰彶銆傚湪缇庡湅浠ュ�栫殑瀹惰睛浜嬭��锛屾垚绔嬩簬鍔犳嬁澶у�氬��澶氥�傚畠鐨勫��(g猫)姝愭床瀛愬叕鍙歌ō(sh猫)绔嬪湪鑽疯槶鍚屼竴骞�锛屽苟鍦ㄥ咕骞村収(n猫i)锛岃睛浜嬭檿鍦ㄥ��鏁﹀拰鏂�寰峰摜鐖炬懇闁嬪箷銆傚埌1941骞达紝瀹冨湪鏅哄埄锛屽反鎷块Μ锛岀壒绔嬪凹閬�(d谩)鍜屽�氬反鍝�锛屾柊瑗胯槶锛岄樋鏍瑰环鍜屽崡闈炲垎閵峰晢銆傚埌1972骞�锛屽畠缍�(j墨ng)鐕熺殑25鍊�(g猫)鍏ㄨ硣瀛愬叕鍙�锛�142鍊�(g猫)鍒嗘敮姗�(j墨)妲�(g貌u)锛屽苟鍦�5鍊�(g猫)缇庡湅浠ュ�栫殑鍦嬪�跺缓绔嬪悎璩囦紒妤�(y猫)鍦�1993骞�锛岃┎鍏�鍙稿湪闃垮竷鎵庢瘮闁嬪��锛屼腑鍦嬶紝闃挎浖锛岀緟棣�灏间簽鍜岀儚鍏嬭槶鐨勫垎鏀�姗�(j墨)妲�(g貌u)銆傚埌1998骞�锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖惧凡鍦�95鍊�(g猫)鍦嬪�堕�氶亷83鍊�(g猫)鍏ㄨ硣瀛愬叕鍙稿拰13瀹跺悎璩囩稉(j墨ng)鐕熴��

    鐧�(f膩)灞�

    鏄庡凹闃挎尝鍒╂柉锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖剧┅(w臎n)澹撳櫒鏈夐檺鍏�鍙稿埄鐢ㄥ叾绉戝��(xu茅)鍜屽伐绋嬩汉鎵嶏紝鏀归�犺嚜宸�锛岄仼鎳�(y墨ng)涓嶆柗璁婂寲鐨勬檪(sh铆)浠ｃ�傚ぇ瑕�(gu墨)妯＄敓鐢�(ch菐n)鏄�瀹屽杽鍜岃埅绌鸿��(sh猫)鍌欑殑涓�绯诲垪鎿�(ku貌)澶т簡鍏�鍙哥殑鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺祫鍚�銆� 1942骞�锛岃┎鍏�鍙哥��(f膩)鏄庝簡闆诲瓙鑷�鍕曢�曢�涘剙锛堜笝- 1锛�锛岃��璀夋槑鏄�鑷抽��(gu膩n)閲嶈�佺��锛岀編鍦嬬殑鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�鍔�鍔涖��

    1953骞�锛屽叕鍙告帹鍑虹殑T - 86鈥滃湏鈥濓紝婧�鎺у��锛屽畠鍙栦唬浜嗙�ㄩ��锛岀煩褰㈡ā寮忋�備笘鐣屼笂鏈�鐭ュ悕鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涔嬩竴锛屽畠浠嶇劧鍦ㄧ敘(ch菐n)锛屽埌铏曞彲瑕嬪懆鍦嶆瘮浠讳綍鍏朵粬鎭掓韩涓栫晫涓婃洿澶氱殑瀹跺涵鐨勫⒒涓�銆�

    1954骞达紝瑭插叕鍙告敹璩糄oelcam鍏�鍙�锛屼竴鍊�(g猫)闄�铻哄剙鐨勫埗閫犲晢銆傚湪鏈�渚�20骞�锛岃┎鍏�鍙镐笉鏂锋敼鍠勯檧铻哄剙锛屼娇涔嬫洿鏁忔劅鍜屾簴(zh菙n)纰�锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)闄嶄綆瀹冨�戠殑澶у皬鍜岄噸閲�銆�

    1955骞�锛屼竴鍊�(g猫)鍚嶇偤Datamatic鍚堣硣鍏�鍙�锛岄浄绁炲叕鍙告槸鑸囬�欐��(bi膩o)蹇楄憲闇嶅凹闊嬬埦姝ｅ紡閫�(j矛n)杌嶈▓(j矛)绠楁��(j墨)妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)瑷橀寗纰哄畾鐨�銆傝┎鍏�鍙哥殑鑷鸿��(j矛)绠楁��(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨凞 - 1000锛岄噸25鍣革紝鎷胯捣鍏�闆堕浂闆跺钩鏂硅嫳灏哄拰鎴愭��0.5鍎勭編鍏�銆�

    1957骞达紝鏄庡凹闃挎尝鍒╂柉锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖剧┅(w臎n)澹撳櫒鏈夐檺鍏�鍙歌臣璨蜂簡鐏�鐏�(z膩i)鎺㈡脯鍜屽牨(b脿o)璀﹀叕鍙�锛屽緢澶氱殑娆℃敹璩�锛屽皣寤鸿ō(sh猫)鎴愮偤鐣�(d膩ng)浠婂叏鐞冪殑瀹夊叏妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)銆傚湪瑷卞�氬寳缇庡煄甯�锛岀磪鑹插拰榛戣壊鈥滃彈淇濊��(h霉)鐨勯湇灏奸煁鐖锯�濈獥鍙ｈ布绱欏強妯�(bi膩o)瑾炵墝锛屽咕涔庢垚鐐虹煡鍚嶇殑鍥炲悎鎭掓韩銆�

    闆疯伈鍏�鍙稿湪瑷�(j矛)绠楁��(j墨)鍏�鍙哥殑鑸堣叮鏀惰臣浜嗕��1960骞�锛屽叕鍙稿悕绋辫畩鏇寸偤闆诲瓙鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)铏曠悊锛圗DP锛�銆�

    瑭插叕鍙哥殑鍚嶇ū姝ｅ紡鏇村悕鐐洪湇灏奸煁鐖惧叕鍙稿湪1963骞达紝鐩＄�″畠涓�鐩撮�欐ǎ杓曟弿娣″��绋辩偤杩�40骞淬�傚叚骞村悗锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖炬枃鏇告湁鍔╀簬灏嶆湀鐞冪殑缇庡湅瀹囪埅鍝″凹鐖鹃樋濮嗘柉鐗规湕鍜屽焹寰锋韩鈥滃棥鍡♀�濆ェ鐖惧痉鏋楀湡鍦�銆�

    瑷�(j矛)绠楁��(j墨)

    1970骞�锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖惧悎骞惰垏閫氱敤闆绘埃鍏�鍙�锛屽舰鎴愰湇灏奸煁鐖句俊鎭�绯荤��(t菕ng)锛屽畠鍦ㄤ富姗�(j墨)甯傚牬琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鑹�濂界殑闆昏叇妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)銆� 1986骞�锛屽��(g猫)浜洪浕鑵︾殑鍑虹従(xi脿n)浠ュ強鍏�鍙告垚绔嬮湇灏奸煁鐖剧磪鐗�锛屼竴瀹跺叏鐞冩�х殑绀﹀叕鍙告��(j墨)绱呯墰娉曞湅鍜屾棩鏈琋EC鍏�鍙哥殑鍚堣硣浼佹��(y猫)銆傚叾鎸佽偂姘村钩閫愭几涓嬮檷锛岀洿鍒�1991骞�锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖惧凡涓嶅啀鍦ㄨ▓(j矛)绠楁��(j墨)妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)銆傛暩(sh霉)瀛楀紡瑷�(j矛)绠楁��(j墨)鐭ヨ瓨锛岀劧鍚庢噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ埌鍏跺偝绲�(t菕ng)鐨勮嚜鍕曞寲鎺у埗闋�(l菒ng)鍩�锛岄泦鎴愬偝鎰熷櫒鍜屽偓鍖栧姂鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ��

    鑸�绌�

    1986骞�锛岄湇灏奸煁鐖惧ぇ澶у姞寮�(qi谩ng)鍏惰垏璩艰卜鏂�浣╅噷鑸�澶╄埅绌烘キ(y猫)鐨勫湴浣�銆傚畠鍗冲埢鎴愮偤涓栫晫涓婄殑鑸�绌洪浕瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)闆嗘垚鍟�銆傛柉浣╅噷璨㈢嵒(xi脿n)椋涜�屾帶鍒�锛岃埅澶╁櫒鍜岃伅(li谩n)閭﹁埅绌哄眬瑾�(r猫n)璀夌殑棰�(f膿ng)鍒囪畩闋�(y霉)璀︾郴绲�(t菕ng)銆�

    鑱�(li谩n)淇�

    娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鏈熼枔锛屽痉鍦嬫帶鍒朵簡涓栫晫鍖栧��(xu茅)宸ユキ(y猫)锛岄�犳垚鏌撴枡鍜岃棩鍝佺瓑鍟嗗搧鐨勭煭缂�銆備綔鐐哄洖鎳�(y墨ng)锛�1920骞磋彲鐩涢爴閮靛牨(b脿o)鐧�(f膩)琛屽挨閲戦倎鑰跺拰绉戝��(xu茅)瀹跺▉寤夊凹绉戠埦鏂�褰㈡垚鐐轰竴鍊�(g猫)浜旂編鍦嬪寲瀛�(xu茅)鍦�19涓栫磤(j矛)瑷�(sh猫)绔嬬殑鍏�鍙稿悎骞�锛岃伅(li谩n)鍚堝寲瀛�(xu茅)鍜屾煋鏂欏叕鍙�銆�

    1928骞达紝鐩熻粛闄勮繎闁嬪悎锛屽紬鍚夊凹浜炲窞锛屽悎鎴愭皑寤犳垚鐐轰笘鐣屼笂涓昏�佺敓鐢�(ch菐n)姘�銆�

    閫欐槸瑭插叕鍙告渶鏃╅��(j矛n)鍏ユ柊鐨勫競鍫撮ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)銆傜��浜屾�′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鍚�锛岀洘杌嶉枊濮嬬敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍏朵粬鏂扮殑锛屽寘鎷�灏奸��6锛堝緸杓�鑳庡埌鏈嶈�濋兘鏈夛級鍜屽埗鍐峰姂鐢�(ch菐n)鍝�銆�

    1958骞达紝瀹冩垚鐐鸿伅(li谩n)鍚堝寲瀛�(xu茅)鍏�鍙稿拰绱嶅叆鍏禡orristown锛屽叕鍙哥殑绺介儴閬疯嚦鏂版兢瑗垮窞銆�

    1962骞�锛岃伅(li谩n)鍚堟敹璩间簡鑱�(li谩n)鍚堝緱鍏嬭柀鏂�澶╃劧姘ｏ紝瑭插叕鍙告搧鏈夐亶甯冪編娲茬煶娌瑰拰澶╃劧姘�銆傜洘杌嶈獚(r猫n)鐐洪�欎富瑕佹槸鍥�?y脿n)妲犳禒顕�銇巃(ch菐n)鍝佺殑鍘熸潗鏂欎緵鎳�(y墨ng)鍟�锛屼絾閫欏��(g猫)鍦�70骞翠唬鍒濇敼璁婁簡搴风磵鏅�(sh铆)锛屽叕鍙搁�栧腑鍩�(zh铆)琛屽畼绱勭堪锛堟灄鐧荤磩缈伴仠灞�闀锋牴鎿�(j霉)鍟嗗嫏(w霉)閮�锛夊嚭鍞�鐩熻粛鐨勪笉鐩堝埄鐨勬キ(y猫)鍕�(w霉)寰堝��锛屽湪鐭虫补鍜屽ぉ鐒舵埃鍕樻帰鎶曡硣銆傚埌1979骞达紝鐣�(d膩ng)鎰涘痉鑿�杌掑凹瑭╁皬鍑轰换棣栧腑鍩�(zh铆)琛屽畼锛岃伅(li谩n)鍚堝緱鍏嬭柀鏂�鍒朵��80鐩熻粛鐨勬敹鍏�%銆�

    鏍规摎(j霉)鍏舵柊鐨勫悕绋�锛岃伅(li谩n)鍚堝叕鍙革紙1981骞达級锛岃┎鍏�鍙哥辜绾�(x霉)璩艰卜鏈�杩�鍏嬫柉鍏�鍙革紝鑸�绌鸿埅澶╁拰姹借粖鍏�鍙镐��1983骞�銆傚埌1984骞达紝鏈�杩�鍏嬫柉50鐩熻粛鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鏀跺叆%锛岃�岀煶娌瑰拰澶╃劧姘ｇ敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑38%銆�

    1985骞�锛屽悎骞惰垏鑱�(li谩n)鍚堜俊铏熷叕鍙�锛屽�炲姞鍏惰嚚鐣岃埅绌鸿埅澶╋紝姹借粖鍜屼紒妤�(y猫)鐨勫伐绋嬫潗鏂�銆傜敱Sam姣涙�濊开鍏�鍙告垚绔嬩��1922骞翠綔鐐轰俊铏熸苯娌瑰叕鍙革紝淇¤櫉鍘熸湰鏄�鍔犲窞鍏�鍙哥敓鐢�(ch菐n)鐨勬苯娌瑰ぉ鐒舵埃銆� 1928骞�锛岃┎鍏�鍙哥殑鐭虫补鐢�(ch菐n)閲忚畩鎴愬畠鐨勫悕瀛椾俊铏熺煶娌硅垏澶╃劧姘�锛屽悓骞撮��(j矛n)鍏ャ�備俊铏熷悎骞�锛屽姞鍕掔壒鍏�鍙�锛岀附閮ㄨō(sh猫)鍦ㄦ礇鏉夌／鑸�绌鸿埅澶╁叕鍙�锛屽苟浜�1968骞撮�氶亷浜嗗叾鍏�鍙稿悕绋辩殑淇¤櫉鍏�鍙�銆�

    瑭蹭俊铏熺殑鍔犲嫆鐗归儴闁�鎻愬嚭闄や簡鏈�杩�鍏嬫柉鑸�绌鸿埅澶╄��(li谩n)鍚堜俊铏熷叕鍙哥殑妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)閮ㄩ杸銆� 1985骞�锛屽叕鍙搁姺鍞�鑱�(li谩n)鐩熷緱鍏嬭柀鏂�宸炵��50%锛岃�屽湪1986骞撮�氶亷鍓濋洟褰㈡垚35鍊�(g猫)闈炴埌(zh脿n)鐣ユ�т紒妤�(y猫)鍜屽墲闆㈢殑浜ㄥ埄闆嗗湗(tu谩n)鍏�鍙�

    鍦�1991骞村勾涓�涓�鍊�(g猫)鏂扮殑棣栧腑鍩�(zh铆)琛屽畼锛屽嫗鍊�鏂�鍗氳タ杩�锛屽苟鍦ㄨū澶氶棞(gu膩n)閸典紒妤�(y猫)锛岃伅(li谩n)鍚堜俊铏熸柊鐨勯牁(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)鐝�瀛愰枊濮嬩簡鍏ㄩ潰鐨勬敼閫犺▓(j矛)鍔�銆傞噰鍙栧ぇ鑶借�屽��锛屼互鏀瑰杽鐝�(xi脿n)閲戞祦閲忓拰缍�(j墨ng)鐕熷埄娼わ紝鎻愰珮鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔�锛屽苟瀹氫綅鐐哄叏鐞冩�х殑鏈�渚嗙�剁埈鍔涚殑鍏�鍙�銆傜洘杌嶄俊铏熸洿鍚嶇偤鑱�(li谩n)淇″叕鍙稿湪1993骞村姞寮�(qi谩ng)涓�鍏�鍙哥殑褰㈣薄鍜屾��(bi膩o)蹇楀叾鎵�鏈夋キ(y猫)鍕�(w霉)鐨勫叏闈㈠悎骞躲��

    1992骞�锛屽叕鍙搁姺鍞�閫氶亷涓�鍊�(g猫)0000000鐨勫噲鏀剁泭鍏�闁嬪嫙鑲″湪鑱�(li谩n)鐩熷痉宸炲墿浣欏埄鎭�銆�

    鍦ㄦ暣鍊�(g猫)90骞翠唬锛屽嫗鍊�鏂�鍗氳タ杩�闋�(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)鐨勫�為暦鍜岀敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涜綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫殑5鍊嶇殑鑱�(li谩n)淇″叕鍙歌偂绁ㄧ殑甯傚牬鍍�(ji脿)鍊�锛屽ぇ澶ц秴閬庝簡閬撶搳鏂�宸ユ��(y猫)骞冲潎鎸囨暩(sh霉)鍜屾��(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鏅�鐖�500鎸囨暩(sh霉)銆�

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