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鏀惧ぇ鍘熺悊
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闆绘簮Ub缍�(j墨ng)閬庨浕闃籖b鍔犲湪鐧�(f膩)灏勭祼(ji茅)涓�锛岀櫦(f膩)灏勭祼(ji茅)姝ｅ亸锛岀櫦(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)鐨勫鏁�(sh霉)杓夋祦瀛�(鑷敱闆诲瓙锛変笉鏂峰湴瓒婇亷鐧�(f膩)灏勭祼(ji茅)閫�(j矛n)鍏ュ熀鍗�(q奴)锛屽舰鎴愮櫦(f膩)灏勬サ闆绘祦Ie銆傚悓鏅傚熀鍗�(q奴)澶氭暩(sh霉)杓夋祦瀛愪篃鍚戠櫦(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)鎿存暎锛屼絾鐢变簬澶氭暩(sh霉)杓夋祦瀛愭績搴﹂仩(yu菐n)浣庝簬鐧�(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)杓夋祦瀛愭績搴�锛屽彲浠ヤ笉鑰冩叜閫欏�嬮浕娴�锛屽洜姝ゅ彲浠ヨ獚(r猫n)鐐虹櫦(f膩)灏勭祼(ji茅)涓昏鏄浕瀛愭祦銆�
2銆佸熀鍗�(q奴)涓浕瀛愮殑鎿存暎鑸囧京(f霉)鍚�
闆诲瓙閫�(j矛n)鍏ュ熀鍗�(q奴)鍚�锛屽厛鍦ㄩ潬杩戠櫦(f膩)灏勭祼(ji茅)鐨勯檮杩戝瘑闆嗭紝婕告几褰㈡垚闆诲瓙婵冨害宸�锛屽湪婵冨害宸殑浣滅敤涓嬶紝淇冧娇闆诲瓙娴佸湪鍩哄崁(q奴)涓悜闆嗛浕绲�(ji茅)鎿存暎锛岃闆嗛浕绲�(ji茅)闆诲牬鎷夊叆闆嗛浕鍗�(q奴)褰㈡垚闆嗛浕妤甸浕娴両c銆備篃鏈夊緢灏忎竴閮ㄥ垎闆诲瓙锛堝洜鐐哄熀鍗�(q奴)寰�?銆傗敗c鍩哄崁(q奴)鐨勭┖绌村京(f霉)鍚�锛屾摯鏁ｇ殑闆诲瓙娴佽垏寰�(f霉)鍚堥浕瀛愭祦涔嬫瘮渚嬫焙瀹氫簡涓夋サ绠＄殑鏀惧ぇ鑳藉姏銆�
3銆侀泦闆诲崁(q奴)鏀堕泦闆诲瓙
鐢变簬闆嗛浕绲�(ji茅)澶栧姞鍙嶅悜闆诲寰堝ぇ锛岄�欏�嬪弽鍚戦浕澹撶敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑闆诲牬鍔涘皣闃绘闆嗛浕鍗�(q奴)闆诲瓙鍚戝熀鍗�(q奴)鎿存暎锛屽悓鏅傚皣鎿存暎鍒伴泦闆荤祼(ji茅)闄勮繎鐨勯浕瀛愭媺鍏ラ泦闆诲崁(q奴)寰炶�屽舰鎴愰泦闆绘サ涓婚浕娴両cn銆傚彟澶栭泦闆诲崁(q奴)鐨勫皯鏁�(sh霉)杓夋祦瀛愶紙绌虹┐锛変篃鏈冪敘(ch菐n)鐢熸紓绉婚亱鍕曪紝娴佸悜鍩哄崁(q奴)褰㈡垚鍙嶅悜椋藉拰闆绘祦锛岀敤Icbo渚嗚〃绀�锛屽叾鏁�(sh霉)鍊煎緢灏忥紝浣嗗皪婧害鍗荤暟甯告晱鎰�銆�
a.鎸夋潗璩�(zh矛)鍒�: 纭呯銆侀嵑绠�
b.鎸夌祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒�: NPN 銆� PNP銆傚鍦栨墍绀�銆�
c.鎸夊姛鑳藉垎: 闁嬮棞(gu膩n)绠�銆佸姛鐜囩銆侀仈(d谩)鏋楅爴绠�銆佸厜鏁忕绛�.
d. 鎸夊姛鐜囧垎锛氬皬鍔熺巼绠�銆佷腑鍔熺巼绠�銆佸ぇ鍔熺巼绠�
e.鎸夊伐浣滈牷鐜囧垎锛氫綆闋荤銆侀珮闋荤銆佽秴闋荤
f.鎸夌祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)宸ヨ棟鍒嗭細鍚堥噾绠°�佸钩闈㈢
g.鎸夊畨瑁濇柟寮�:鎻掍欢涓夋サ绠�銆佽布鐗囦笁妤电
鐗瑰緛闋荤巼fT
:鐣�(d膩ng)f= fT鏅�,涓夋サ绠″畬鍏ㄥけ鍘婚浕娴佹斁澶у姛鑳�.濡傛灉宸ヤ綔闋荤巼澶т簬fT,闆昏矾灏囦笉姝ｅ父宸ヤ綔.
fT绋变綔澧炵泭甯跺绌�锛屽嵆fT=尾fo銆傝嫢宸茬煡鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶄笁妤电鐨勫伐浣滈牷鐜噁o浠ュ強楂橀牷闆绘祦鏀惧ぇ鍊嶆暩(sh霉)锛屼究鍙緱鍑虹壒寰侀牷鐜噁T銆傞毃钁楀伐浣滈牷鐜囩殑鍗囬珮锛屾斁澶у�嶆暩(sh霉)鏈冧笅闄嶏紟fT涔熷彲浠ュ畾缇╃偤尾=1鏅傜殑闋荤巼锛�
闆诲/闆绘祦
鐢ㄩ�欏�嬪弮鏁�(sh霉)鍙互鎸囧畾瑭茬鐨勯浕澹撻浕娴佷娇鐢ㄨ寖鍦�.
hFE
闆绘祦鏀惧ぇ鍊嶆暩(sh霉).
VCEO
闆嗛浕妤电櫦(f膩)灏勬サ鍙嶅悜鎿婄┛闆诲,琛ㄧず鑷ㄧ晫椋藉拰鏅傜殑椋藉拰闆诲.
PCM
鍏佽ū鑰楁暎鍔熺巼.
灏佽褰㈠紡
鎸囧畾瑭茬鐨勫瑙�褰㈢媭,濡傛灉鍏跺畠鍙冩暩(sh霉)閮芥纰�锛屽皝瑁濅笉鍚屽皣灏�(d菐o)鑷寸祫浠剁劇娉曞湪闆昏矾鏉夸笂瀵︾従(xi脿n).
鍒ゆ柗椤炲瀷:
鑵充綅鍒ゆ柗
涓夋サ绠＄殑鑵充綅鍒ゆ柗锛屼笁妤电鐨勮叧浣嶆湁鍏╃ó灏佽鎺掑垪褰㈠紡锛屽鍙冲湒锛�
涓夋サ绠℃槸涓�绋祼(ji茅)鍨嬮浕闃诲櫒浠�锛屽畠鐨勪笁鍊嬪紩鑵抽兘鏈夋槑椤殑闆婚樆鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛屾脯瑭︽檪锛堜互鏁�(sh霉)瀛楄惉鐢ㄨ〃鐐轰緥锛岀磪绛�+锛岄粧绛�-锛夋垜鍊戝皣娓│妾斾綅鍒囨彌鑷� 浜屾サ绠℃獢 锛堣渹槌存獢锛夋(bi膩o)蹇楃铏熷鍙冲湒锛�
姝ｅ父鐨凬PN绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓夋サ绠＄殑鍩烘サ锛圔锛夊皪闆嗛浕妤碉紙C锛�銆佺櫦(f膩)灏勬サ锛圗锛夌殑姝ｅ悜闆婚樆鏄�430惟-680惟锛堟牴鎿�(j霉)鍨嬭櫉鐨勪笉鍚岋紝鏀惧ぇ鍊嶆暩(sh霉)鐨勫樊鐣�锛岄�欏�嬪�兼湁鎵�涓嶅悓锛夊弽鍚戦浕闃荤劇绐ぇ锛涙甯哥殑PNP 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勪笁妤电鐨勫熀妤碉紙B锛夊皪闆嗛浕妤碉紙C锛�銆佺櫦(f膩)灏勬サ锛圗锛夌殑鍙嶅悜闆婚樆鏄�430惟-680惟锛屾鍚戦浕闃荤劇绐ぇ銆傞泦闆绘サC灏嶇櫦(f膩)灏勬サE鍦ㄤ笉鍔犲亸娴佺殑鎯呮硜涓嬶紝闆婚樆鐐虹劇绐ぇ?锛涢稓O灏嶉泦闆绘サ鐨勬脯瑭﹂浕闃荤磩绛変簬鍩烘サ灏嶇櫦(f膩)灏勬サ鐨勬脯瑭﹂浕闃�锛岄�氬父鎯呮硜涓嬶紝鍩烘サ灏嶉泦闆绘サ鐨勬脯瑭﹂浕闃昏姣斿熀妤靛皪鐧�(f膩)灏勬サ鐨勬脯瑭﹂浕闃诲皬5-100惟宸﹀彸锛堝ぇ鍔熺巼绠℃瘮杓冩槑椤級锛屽鏋滆秴鍑洪�欏�嬪��锛岄�欏�嬪厓浠剁殑鎬ц兘宸茬稉(j墨ng)璁婂锛岃珛涓嶈鍐嶄娇鐢�銆傚鏋滆浣跨敤浜庨浕璺腑鍙兘鏈冨皫(d菐o)鑷存暣鍊嬫垨閮ㄥ垎闆昏矾鐨勫伐浣滈粸璁婂锛岄�欏�嬪厓浠朵篃鍙兘涓嶄箙灏辨渻鎼嶅锛屽ぇ鍔熺巼闆昏矾鍜岄珮闋婚浕璺皪閫欑ó鍔ｈ唱(zh矛)鍏冧欢鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姣旇純鏄庨’銆�
鐩＄灏佽绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓嶅悓锛屼絾鑸囧悓鍙冩暩(sh霉)鐨勫叾瀹冨瀷铏熺殑绠″瓙鍔熻兘鍜屾�ц兘鏄竴妯ｇ殑锛屼笉鍚岀殑灏佽绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙槸鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ簬闆昏矾瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜腑鐗瑰畾鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ牬鍚堢殑闇�瑕�銆�
瑕佹敞鎰忔湁浜涘粻瀹剁敓鐢�(ch菐n)涓�浜涗笉瑕�(gu墨)鑼冨厓浠�锛屼緥濡侰945姝ｅ父鐨勮叧浣嶆槸BCE锛屼絾鏈夌殑寤犲鍑虹殑姝ゅ厓浠惰叧浣嶆帓鍒楀嵒鏄疎BC锛岄�欐渻閫犳垚閭ｄ簺绮楀績鐨勫伐浣滀汉鍝″皣鏂板厓浠跺湪鏈娓殑鎯呮硜涓嬭鍏ラ浕璺紝灏�(d菐o)鑷撮浕璺笉鑳藉伐浣�锛屽毚(y谩n)閲嶆檪鐕掓瘈鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)鐨勫厓鍣ㄤ欢锛屾瘮濡傞浕瑕栨涓婄敤鐨勯枊闂�(gu膩n)闆绘簮銆�
鍦ㄦ垜鍊戝父鐢ㄧ殑钀敤琛ㄤ腑锛屾脯瑭︿笁妤电鐨勮叧浣嶆帓鍒楀湒锛�
鍏堝亣瑷�(sh猫)涓夋サ绠＄殑鏌愭サ鐐衡�滃熀妤碘��,灏囬粦琛ㄧ瓎鎺ュ湪鍋囪ō(sh猫)鍩烘サ涓�,鍐嶅皣绱呰〃绛嗕緷娆℃帴鍒板叾浣欏叐鍊嬮浕妤典笂,鑻ュ叐娆℃脯寰楃殑闆婚樆閮藉ぇ(绱勫咕K鍒板咕鍗並),鎴栬�呴兘灏�(骞剧櫨鑷冲咕K),灏嶆彌琛ㄧ瓎閲嶅京(f霉)涓婅堪娓噺,鑻ユ脯寰楀叐鍊嬮樆鍊肩浉鍙�(閮藉緢灏忔垨閮藉緢澶�),鍓囧彲纰哄畾鍋囪ō(sh猫)鐨勫熀妤垫槸姝ｇ⒑鐨�,鍚﹀墖鍙﹀亣瑷�(sh猫)涓�妤电偤鈥滃熀妤碘��,閲嶅京(f霉)涓婅堪娓│,浠ョ⒑瀹氬熀妤�.
鐣�(d膩ng)鍩烘サ纰哄畾鍚�,灏囬粦琛ㄧ瓎鎺ュ熀妤�,绱呰〃绛嗙瓎鎺ュ叾瀹冨叐妤佃嫢娓緱闆婚樆鍊奸兘寰堝皯,鍓囪┎涓夋サ绠＄偤PNP,鍙嶄箣鐐篘PN
鍒ゆ柗闆嗛浕妤礐鍜岀櫦(f膩)灏勬サE,浠PN鐐轰緥:
鎶婇粦琛ㄧ瓎鎺ヨ嚦鍋囪ō(sh猫)鐨勯泦闆绘サC,绱呰〃绛嗘帴鍒板亣瑷�(sh猫)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灏勬サE,骞剁敤鎵嬫崗浣廈鍜孋妤�,璁�鍑鸿〃闋墍绀篊,E闆婚樆鍊�,鐒跺悗灏囩磪,榛戣〃绛嗗弽鎺ラ噸娓�.鑻ユ闆婚樆姣旂浜屾灏�,瑾槑鍘熷亣瑷�(sh猫)鎴愮珛.
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岄鍨�
鏅堕珨涓夋サ绠�锛屾槸鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂斿熀鏈厓鍣ㄤ欢涔嬩竴锛屽叿鏈夐浕娴佹斁澶т綔鐢紝鏄浕瀛愰浕璺殑鏍稿績鍏冧欢銆備笁妤电鏄湪涓�濉婂崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿熀鐗囦笂鍒朵綔鍏╁�嬬浉璺濆緢杩戠殑PN绲�(ji茅)锛屽叐鍊婸N绲�(ji茅)鎶婃濉婂崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿垎鎴愪笁閮ㄥ垎锛屼腑闁撻儴鍒嗘槸鍩哄崁(q奴)锛屽叐鍋�(c猫)閮ㄥ垎鏄櫦(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)鍜岄泦闆诲崁(q奴)锛屾帓鍒楁柟寮忔湁PNP鍜孨PN鍏╃ó锛�
寰炰笁鍊嬪崁(q奴)寮曞嚭鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨勯浕妤�锛屽垎鍒ョ偤鍩烘サb鐧�(f膩)灏勬サe鍜岄泦闆绘サc銆�
鐧�(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)鍜屽熀鍗�(q奴)涔嬮枔鐨凱N绲�(ji茅)鍙櫦(f膩)灏勭祼(ji茅)锛岄泦闆诲崁(q奴)鍜屽熀鍗�(q奴)涔嬮枔鐨凱N绲�(ji茅)鍙泦闆荤祼(ji茅)銆傚熀鍗�(q奴)寰堣杽锛岃�岀櫦(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)杓冨帤锛岄洔璩�(zh矛)婵冨害澶э紝PNP鍨嬩笁妤电鐧�(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)"鐧�(f膩)灏�"鐨勬槸绌虹┐锛屽叾绉诲嫊鏂瑰悜鑸囬浕娴佹柟鍚戜竴鑷�锛屾晠鐧�(f膩)灏勬サ绠牠鍚戦噷锛汵PN鍨嬩笁妤电鐧�(f膩)灏勫崁(q奴)"鐧�(f膩)灏�"鐨勬槸鑷敱闆诲瓙锛屽叾绉诲嫊鏂瑰悜鑸囬浕娴佹柟鍚戠浉鍙�锛屾晠鐧�(f膩)灏勬サ绠牠鍚戝銆傜櫦(f膩)灏勬サ绠牠鍚戝銆傜櫦(f膩)灏勬サ绠牠鎸囧悜涔熸槸PN绲�(ji茅)鍦ㄦ鍚戦浕澹撲笅鐨勫皫(d菐o)閫氭柟鍚戙�傜鏅堕珨涓夋サ绠″拰閸烘櫠楂斾笁妤电閮芥湁PNP鍨嬪拰NPN鍨嬪叐绋鍨�銆�
涓夋サ绠＄殑灏佽褰㈠紡鍜岀鑵宠瓨鍒�
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